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Difficulty: MediumConditional Logic and Formal Deductions

Passage: A scientific research journal will publish a manuscript only if the manuscript undergoes a double-blind peer review. A manuscript undergoes a double-blind peer review whenever it contains fully anonymized dataset references. Furthermore, a manuscript contains fully anonymized dataset references unless the authors submit a formal data-sharing exemption.

Based on the information provided, is the following statement True or False?
Statement: 'If authors do not submit a formal data-sharing exemption, their manuscript necessarily undergoes a double-blind peer review.'

Answer: Answer

Answer

True
The statement is logically sound because combining the conditional rules yields a continuous valid chain: omitting a data-sharing exemption guarantees the inclusion of fully anonymized dataset references, which in turn guarantees that the manuscript undergoes a double-blind peer review.

Step-by-Step Solution

1
Formalize the conditional premises from the passage.
Premise 1: Publish →\rightarrow Peer Review. Premise 2: Anonymized Datasets →\rightarrow Peer Review. Premise 3: ¬\neg Exemption →\rightarrow Anonymized Datasets.
Mapping the indicators ('only if', 'whenever', 'unless') into formal logic enables precise evaluation of validity.
2
Chain the relevant conditional statements to evaluate the target statement.
Combine Premise 3 and Premise 2: ¬\neg Exemption →\rightarrow Anonymized Datasets →\rightarrow Peer Review.
Since the conclusion of Premise 3 matches the condition of Premise 2, a valid transitive deduction is formed.
3
Compare the derived transitive deduction with the evaluated statement.
The statement asserts that ¬\neg Exemption →\rightarrow Peer Review, which perfectly matches the derived deduction.
The conclusion logically and necessarily follows from the provided premises.

Key Concept

Transitive Conditional Logic Chains
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Topics

Conditional Logic and Formal Deductions

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