Question

Difficulty: Very hardQuadratic Equations and Factoring

For what values of the real constant kk does the quadratic equation (k2)x22kx+(2k3)=0(k-2)x^2 - 2kx + (2k - 3) = 0 have two distinct real roots r1r_1 and r2r_2 such that r1<1<r2r_1 < 1 < r_2?

  1. A
    1<k<61 < k < 6
  2. 2<k<52 < k < 5Answer
  3. C
    k<2k < 2 or k>5k > 5
  4. D
    1<k<51 < k < 5
  5. E
    k>2k > 2

Answer

The correct inequality expressing all possible values of kk is 2<k<52 < k < 5.
The correct inequality 2<k<52 < k < 5 is obtained by requiring (k2)f(1)<0(k-2)f(1) < 0, which ensures x=1x = 1 falls between the two distinct real roots. Evaluating f(1)=k5f(1) = k - 5 yields (k2)(k5)<0(k-2)(k-5) < 0, giving 2<k<52 < k < 5. The discriminant condition Δ=4(k1)(k6)>0\Delta = -4(k-1)(k-6) > 0 gives 1<k<61 < k < 6, which fully encompasses (2,5)(2, 5).

Step-by-Step Solution

1
Define the quadratic function and state the conditions for r1<1<r2r_1 < 1 < r_2.
Let f(x)=(k2)x22kx+(2k3)f(x) = (k-2)x^2 - 2kx + (2k - 3). For a quadratic function to have two real roots with x=1x = 1 located between them, the product of the leading coefficient (k2)(k-2) and f(1)f(1) must be strictly negative, i.e., (k2)f(1)<0(k-2)f(1) < 0.
If a parabola opens upwards (k2>0k-2 > 0), its value at a point between its roots must be negative (f(1)<0f(1) < 0). If it opens downwards (k2<0k-2 < 0), its value at a point between its roots must be positive (f(1)>0f(1) > 0).
2
Evaluate f(1)f(1) in terms of kk.
f(1)=(k2)(1)22k(1)+(2k3)=k22k+2k3=k5f(1) = (k-2)(1)^2 - 2k(1) + (2k - 3) = k - 2 - 2k + 2k - 3 = k - 5.
Substitute x=1x = 1 directly into the expression for f(x)f(x).
3
Solve the inequality (k2)f(1)<0(k-2)f(1) < 0.
(k2)(k5)<0    2<k<5(k-2)(k-5) < 0 \implies 2 < k < 5.
The product of two linear factors (k2)(k-2) and (k5)(k-5) is negative between their roots, k=2k = 2 and k=5k = 5.
4
Verify discriminant condition Δ>0\Delta > 0 for real roots.
Δ=(2k)24(k2)(2k3)=4k24(2k27k+6)=4k2+28k24=4(k1)(k6)>0    1<k<6\Delta = (-2k)^2 - 4(k-2)(2k-3) = 4k^2 - 4(2k^2 - 7k + 6) = -4k^2 + 28k - 24 = -4(k-1)(k-6) > 0 \implies 1 < k < 6.
Since the interval (2,5)(2, 5) is entirely contained within (1,6)(1, 6), any k(2,5)k \in (2, 5) automatically guarantees two distinct real roots.

Key Concept

Location of roots of quadratic equations and sign analysis of quadratic functions.
Estimated Time:2m 0s
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