Question

Difficulty: MediumContrast and Reversal Clues

Read the passage below and determine the word that best completes the sentence. Which word correctly fills the blank based on the contrast established by the transition signal?

Answer:Although the nineteenth-century philologist claimed that regional dialects were fundamentally robust and immune to external influence, modern sociolinguistic surveys reveal that mass communication has rendered these localized vernaculars surprisingly 【vulnerable】, causing many distinctive linguistic features to vanish within a few generations.

Answer

The blank must be filled with a word such as 'vulnerable', 'fragile', 'precarious', or 'susceptible' to contrast with the idea of being robust and immune.
The correct answer must convey weak, easily damaged, or subject to decay (e.g., 'vulnerable' or 'fragile'). The sentence begins with the concession signal 'Although', which contrasts the past claim that regional dialects were 'robust and immune' with the modern reality that features are vanishing.

Step-by-Step Solution

1
Identify the contrast pivot word in the sentence.
The initial transition word 'Although' indicates a contrast between the philologist's historical claim and modern findings.
Transition words like 'Although' signal a reversal of meaning between clause ideas.
2
Analyze the description in the first clause.
Regional dialects were described as 'fundamentally robust and immune to external influence'.
This establishes the baseline idea that dialects were strong and resistant to change.
3
Determine the required semantic tone for the blank.
The target word must mean the opposite of 'robust' and 'immune', consistent with features vanishing over time.
The reversal structural clue requires an antonym that aligns with 'causing many distinctive linguistic features to vanish'.

Key Concept

Identifying Contrast and Reversal Clues in Text Completion
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