Read the passage below. Complete {{blank_1}} by providing the sentence that functions as a concession acknowledging empirical support for the traditional view before the author introduces contradicting evidence.
Answer:In urban microclimatology, researchers have long posited that urban heat islands are primarily driven by the replacement of vegetated land with impermeable surface materials of low albedo. According to this canonical surface-energy balance model, reduced latent heat flux from diminished evapotranspiration accounts for the elevated night-time temperatures observed in dense metropolitan cores. 【To be sure, empirical measurements confirm that neighborhoods with higher canopy cover systematically display lower daytime surface temperatures.】 Nevertheless, high-resolution satellite radiometry and canopy-layer eddy covariance data reveal that anthropogenic heat release from energy consumption contributes disproportionately to nocturnal thermal anomalies, exceeding the thermal influence of surface albedo alterations during winter months. Thus, mitigating urban heat requires addressing internal energy emissions alongside surface greening initiatives.
Answer
The sentence that correctly completes {{blank_1}} is: 'To be sure, empirical measurements confirm that neighborhoods with higher canopy cover systematically display lower daytime surface temperatures.'
The correct sentence acts as a structural concession. It acknowledges that canopy cover reduces daytime surface temperatures—granting a valid observation consistent with the conventional surface-energy model—thereby establishing a logical foundation for the counterevidence introduced immediately after by the pivot word 'Nevertheless'.
Step-by-Step Solution
Key Concept
Rhetorical Functions of Sentences and Concession Structures
Estimated Time:1m 30s