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Difficulty: Very hardHigher Invertebrates: Annelida, Mollusca, Arthropoda, and Echinodermata

An anatomical comparison across higher invertebrate phyla reveals distinct adaptations in excretory structures, appendage arrangement, and scientific nomenclature. Which of the following combinations correctly matches the organism with its physiological feature, structural organization, and properly formatted scientific name?

  1. Earthworm (Lumbricus terrestris): Excretes via metanephridia and exhibits bilateral symmetry with metameric body segmentationAnswer
  2. B
    Centipede (Lithobius forficatus): Excretes via Malpighian tubules and exhibits bilateral symmetry with two pairs of jointed legs per body segment
  3. C
    Sea star (Asterias rubens): Excretes via Malpighian tubules and exhibits pentamerous radial symmetry in the adult stage
  4. D
    Garden snail (helix Pomatia): Excretes via metanephridia and exhibits bilateral symmetry modified by body torsion

Answer

Earthworm (Lumbricus terrestris): Excretes via metanephridia and exhibits bilateral symmetry with metameric body segmentation
The correct answer accurately links the earthworm (*Lumbricus terrestris*) to its metanephridial excretory system, metameric segmentation, bilateral symmetry, and properly formatted scientific binomial nomenclature.

Step-by-Step Solution

1
Evaluate the excretory organ and structural traits of Annelida.
Earthworms (Lumbricus terrestris) utilize metanephridia for excretion, exhibit metameric segmentation, and are bilaterally symmetrical.
Annelids are coelomate invertebrates characterized by segmented bodies and paired nephridial tubules.
2
Analyze the appendage count per segment in Arthropoda classes (Chilopoda vs. Diplopoda).
Centipedes (Chilopoda) have one pair of legs per trunk segment, not two.
Diplopods (millipedes) have double segments (diplosomites) bearing two leg pairs, whereas chilopods (centipedes) have single segments with one leg pair.
3
Examine the excretory mechanism of Echinodermata.
Sea stars rely on cell diffusion via papulae and tube feet rather than Malpighian tubules.
Malpighian tubules are restricted to insects, arachnids, and myriapods.
4
Check binomial nomenclature formatting rules.
The binomial form 'helix Pomatia' is incorrectly capitalized.
Genus names must be capitalized and species names lowercase (Helix pomatia).

Key Concept

Diagnostic anatomical features and nomenclature across Higher Invertebrate Phyla (Annelida, Mollusca, Arthropoda, Echinodermata)
Estimated Time:1m 30s
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Topics

Higher Invertebrates: Annelida, Mollusca, Arthropoda, and Echinodermata

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