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Difficulty: MediumStructural Isomerism and Stereoisomerism

Propanal and propanone are functional group isomers because they share the same molecular formula, C3H6OC_3H_6O, but belong to different homologous series with distinct functional groups.

Answer: Answer

Answer

The statement is TRUE. Propanal and propanone share the same molecular formula (C3H6OC_3H_6O) but possess different functional groups (aldehyde vs. ketone), which exemplifies functional group isomerism.
The statement is correct because propanal and propanone both have the molecular formula C3H6OC_3H_6O but contain different functional groups (an aldehyde group and a ketone group, respectively), meeting the exact definition of functional group isomerism.

Step-by-Step Solution

1
Determine the molecular formula of propanal and propanone.
Propanal (CH3CH2CHOCH_3CH_2CHO) has 3 carbon atoms, 6 hydrogen atoms, and 1 oxygen atom (C3H6OC_3H_6O). Propanone (CH3COCH3CH_3COCH_3) also has 3 carbon atoms, 6 hydrogen atoms, and 1 oxygen atom (C3H6OC_3H_6O).
Isomers must share the exact same molecular formula.
2
Identify the functional groups present in both compounds.
Propanal contains an aldehyde group (−CHO-\text{CHO}), whereas propanone contains a ketone group (−CO−-\text{CO}-).
Structural isomers containing different functional groups belong to different homologous series.
3
Evaluate the relationship against the definition of functional group isomerism.
Since both compounds share the molecular formula C3H6OC_3H_6O but differ in functional groups, the statement is true.
This directly satisfies the criteria for functional group isomerism.

Key Concept

Functional group isomerism is a form of structural isomerism where compounds have the same molecular formula but different functional groups.
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Topics

Structural Isomerism and Stereoisomerism

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