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Difficulty: MediumReproductive Systems and Processes in Organisms

In certain hermaphroditic flowering plants, self-pollination is prevented because the anthers mature and release pollen before the stigma of the same flower becomes receptive. Which term describes this specific temporal adaptation?

  1. ProtandryAnswer
  2. B
    Protogyny
  3. C
    Cleistogamy
  4. D
    Anemophily

Answer

Protandry is the temporal mechanism in which anthers mature before the stigma becomes receptive in the same flower.
Protandry is a form of dichogamy where male organs (androecium) mature before female organs (gynoecium). This temporal separation prevents self-fertilization in bisexual flowers by ensuring pollen is shed when the flower's own stigma is not yet receptive.

Step-by-Step Solution

1
Analyze the condition described in the stem
The male organs (anthers) mature earlier than the female organs (stigma) within a bisexual flower.
This is a temporal separation technique (dichogamy) designed to ensure cross-pollination.
2
Identify the biological terminology for male-first maturation
The prefix 'proto-' means first, and 'andry' relates to male organs (androecium). Thus, early male maturation is protandry.
Differentiating protandry from protogyny based on the etymology and function of androecium versus gynoecium.

Key Concept

Floral Adaptations for Cross-Pollination (Dichogamy)
Estimated Time:50s
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Topics

Reproductive Systems and Processes in Organisms

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