Question

Difficulty: HardKingdom Protista: Protozoa and Unicellular Algae

A microscopic unicellular organism isolated from a freshwater pond exhibits mixotrophic nutrition: it photosynthesizes in sunlight using chloroplasts, but absorbs organic nutrients heterotrophically when kept in the dark. It moves by means of a single flagellum and lacks a cellulose cell wall, possessing a flexible proteinaceous pellicle beneath its plasma membrane instead. Which of the following protists is described, and what is its primary carbohydrate storage product?

  1. Euglena, which stores carbohydrate as paramylonAnswer
  2. B
    Chlamydomonas, which stores carbohydrate as starch
  3. C
    Amoeba, which stores carbohydrate as glycogen
  4. D
    Paramecium, which stores carbohydrate as cellulose

Answer

Euglena, which stores carbohydrate as paramylon
The correct answer identifies Euglena, which uniquely combines animal-like features (locomotion by a single flagellum, absence of a cellulose cell wall, presence of a flexible pellicle) and plant-like features (chloroplasts for autotrophic nutrition). When photosynthetic product is accumulated, it is stored as paramylon rather than typical plant starch.

Step-by-Step Solution

1
Analyze the structural features described in the stem
Unicellular, single flagellum, lacks cellulose cell wall, possesses a flexible proteinaceous pellicle.
Euglena lacks a rigid cell wall made of cellulose; instead, it is bounded by a proteinaceous layer called the pellicle which allows shape flexibility.
2
Analyze the nutritional mode described in the stem
Mixotrophic (autotrophic via chloroplasts in light, heterotrophic in dark).
Euglena contains chlorophyll for photosynthesis, but can survive saprophytically/heterotrophically in darkness.
3
Identify the unique storage carbohydrate of this organism
Paramylon (a β-1,3-glucan polymer).
Unlike green algae (which store true starch) or animals/fungi (which store glycogen), Euglena stores reserve food as paramylon granules.

Key Concept

Distinctive structural, nutritional, and biochemical features of Euglena
Estimated Time:1m 30s
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