Match each experimental observation of cathode rays in a discharge tube with the corresponding physical property or characteristic it demonstrates.
- Formation of a sharp shadow when a Maltese cross is placed in the path of the raysCathode rays travel in straight lines
- Rotation of a small, lightweight paddle wheel placed along the path of the beamCathode rays possess particle mass and mechanical momentum
- Deflection of the beam toward a positively charged electric plateCathode rays carry a negative electrical charge
- Deflection of the beam in a direction perpendicular to an applied magnetic fieldCathode rays act as a current of moving charged particles obeying magnetic force laws
Answer
1. Formation of a sharp shadow of a Maltese cross matches with Cathode rays travel in straight lines. 2. Rotation of a paddle wheel matches with Cathode rays possess particle mass and mechanical momentum. 3. Deflection toward a positively charged plate matches with Cathode rays carry a negative electrical charge. 4. Deflection perpendicular to a magnetic field matches with Cathode rays act as a current of moving charged particles obeying magnetic force laws.
Each experimental setup provides specific proof of a cathode ray property: sharp shadow formation proves straight-line motion; turning a paddle wheel demonstrates particle mass and momentum; attraction to a positive plate confirms negative charge; and deflection in a magnetic field confirms that the beam acts as moving electrical charges.
Step-by-Step Solution
Key Concept
Experimental evidence establishing the properties of cathode rays
Estimated Time:1m 30s