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Difficulty: EasyThin Lenses, Optical Instruments, and Defects of Vision

Match each optical instrument listed on the left with its corresponding lens configuration and image characteristics on the right.

  • Astronomical Telescope (in normal adjustment)Uses two converging lenses where the objective focal length is longer than the eyepiece focal length (fo>fef_o > f_e), forming an inverted virtual image at infinity.
  • Simple MicroscopeUses a single converging lens to produce a magnified, erect, and virtual image.
  • Compound MicroscopeUses two converging lenses where the objective focal length is shorter than the eyepiece focal length (fo<fef_o < f_e), forming a magnified, inverted virtual image.
  • Projection LanternUses a converging lens to form a real, inverted, and magnified image on a screen.

Answer

Astronomical Telescope pairs with the configuration having fo>fef_o > f_e forming an image at infinity; Simple Microscope pairs with a single converging lens forming an erect virtual image; Compound Microscope pairs with two converging lenses having fo<fef_o < f_e; and Projection Lantern pairs with a converging lens forming a real, inverted image on a screen.
Each instrument matches its distinct optical construction: telescopes use fo>fef_o > f_e for distant viewing at infinity, simple microscopes use a single convex lens for virtual magnifying, compound microscopes use fo<fef_o < f_e for double magnification of tiny objects, and projectors use a single convex lens to cast real images onto a distant surface.

Step-by-Step Solution

1
Determine the lens setup and final image position of an astronomical telescope in normal adjustment.
The objective has a larger focal length than the eyepiece (fo>fef_o > f_e), and the final image is formed at infinity.
Telescopes gather light from distant objects, requiring a larger objective focal length for high angular magnification and comfortable viewing at infinity.
2
Determine the configuration of a simple microscope.
It consists of a single convex lens producing an erect, virtual, and magnified image.
When an object is placed within the focal length of a single convex lens, it acts as a magnifying glass.
3
Determine the focal length relationship of a compound microscope.
It uses two convex lenses where the objective focal length is shorter than the eyepiece focal length (fo<fef_o < f_e).
A very short objective focal length maximizes linear magnification of small, near objects before the eyepiece further magnifies the intermediate image.
4
Determine the type of image produced by a projection lantern (slide projector).
It forms a real, inverted, and magnified image on a screen.
Projecting images onto a screen requires a real image formed by a converging lens.

Key Concept

Optical Instrument Lens Configurations and Image Properties
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Topics

Thin Lenses, Optical Instruments, and Defects of Vision

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