Question

Difficulty: HardWeather Elements, Instruments, and Measurements

Match each weather measuring instrument on the left with its specific operational mechanism or structural feature on the right.

  • Fortin BarometerFeatures a flexible leather cistern and ivory pointer to set a precise zero-datum level for mercury height
  • Campbell-Stokes Sunshine RecorderUses a solid glass sphere to focus solar radiation onto a calibrated card, burning a record of sunlit hours
  • Six's Maximum and Minimum ThermometerEmploys a U-shaped glass tube containing mercury, alcohol, and steel indices to record daily thermal extremes
  • Hair HygrometerMeasures atmospheric moisture by tracking changes in the physical length of organic fibers under varying moisture levels

Answer

Fortin Barometer matches with the flexible leather cistern and ivory pointer mechanism; Campbell-Stokes Sunshine Recorder matches with the solid glass sphere focusing solar rays; Six's Maximum and Minimum Thermometer matches with the U-shaped tube containing mercury, alcohol, and steel indices; Hair Hygrometer matches with tracking changes in the physical length of organic fibers.
Each instrument correctly corresponds to its distinct mechanical component: the Fortin barometer relies on an adjustable leather cistern with an ivory zero pointer; the Campbell-Stokes sunshine recorder relies on a glass sphere lens; Six's thermometer uses a U-tube with alcohol, mercury, and steel indices; and the hair hygrometer utilizes tension variations in organic hair strands.

Step-by-Step Solution

1
Analyze the operational mechanism for atmospheric pressure measurement
Identify the Fortin Barometer as the instrument utilizing a leather cistern adjusted via a screw until mercury touches an ivory point zero datum.
Precision barometric readings require establishing a fixed reservoir reference level.
2
Analyze the operating principle of sunshine recorders
Identify the Campbell-Stokes recorder as using a glass sphere lens to scorch a line on card strip.
Concentrating direct solar radiation burns paper selectively during sunny intervals.
3
Analyze dual-extreme temperature recording instruments
Identify Six's Thermometer as using a U-tube filled with alcohol and mercury driving steel indices.
Differential thermal expansion of liquid columns pushes steel markers to extreme limits.
4
Analyze humidity measuring principles based on organic material expansion
Identify the hair hygrometer as utilizing human/animal hair elasticity changes caused by humidity.
Hygroscopic organic fibers naturally elongate as moisture absorption increases.

Key Concept

Operating Principles and Structural Features of Weather Station Instruments
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