Match each transition metal complex species on the left with its corresponding IUPAC name … — JAMB UTME

Match each transition metal complex species on the left with its corresponding IUPAC name and oxidation state of the central metal ion on the right.

$[Fe(CN)_6]^{3-}$ Hexacyanoferrate(III) ion ( $Fe$ in $+3$ state)
$[Cu(NH_3)_4]^{2+}$ Tetraamminecopper(II) ion ( $Cu$ in $+2$ state)
$[Co(H_2O)_6]^{2+}$ Hexaaquacobalt(II) ion ( $Co$ in $+2$ state)
$[Ni(CO)_4]$ Tetracarbonylnickel(0) ( $Ni$ in $0$ state)

Answer

The correct matches are:

[Fe(CN)_6]^{3-}

matches Hexacyanoferrate(III) ion (

Fe

+3

state);

[Cu(NH_3)_4]^{2+}

matches Tetraamminecopper(II) ion (

Cu

+2

state);

[Co(H_2O)_6]^{2+}

matches Hexaaquacobalt(II) ion (

Co

+2

state); and

[Ni(CO)_4]

matches Tetracarbonylnickel(0) (

Ni

0

state).

Each complex is correctly paired based on the number and charge of its ligands, the resulting oxidation state of the central transition metal, and IUPAC nomenclature rules for cationic, neutral, and anionic complexes.

Step-by-Step Solution

Determine the charge of each ligand present in the transition metal complex.

Cyano (

CN^-

) carries a charge of

-1

, while ammine (

NH_3

), aqua (

H_2O

), and carbonyl (

CO

) are neutral (

0

charge).

Knowing ligand charges is required to set up the algebraic equation for the metal's oxidation state.

Calculate the oxidation state of the central metal ion in each complex.

For

[Fe(CN)_6]^{3-}

x + 6(-1) = -3 \Rightarrow x = +3

. For

[Cu(NH_3)_4]^{2+}

x + 4(0) = +2 \Rightarrow x = +2

. For

[Co(H_2O)_6]^{2+}

x + 6(0) = +2 \Rightarrow x = +2

. For

[Ni(CO)_4]

x + 4(0) = 0 \Rightarrow x = 0

The sum of oxidation numbers of the central atom and ligands equals the total net charge of the complex species.

Apply standard IUPAC naming rules for complex species.

Name ligands with multiplicative prefixes (tetra-, hexa-), follow with the metal name (using '-ate' suffix for anionic complexes like ferrate), and indicate the oxidation state in Roman numerals.

Anionic complexes modify the metal name root, whereas cationic and neutral complexes retain the standard metal element name.

Key Concept

IUPAC Nomenclature and Oxidation State Calculations for Transition Metal Complex Ions

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