Match each spermatophyte reproductive structure or tissue on the left with its defining an… — JAMB UTME

Match each spermatophyte reproductive structure or tissue on the left with its defining anatomical or developmental characteristic on the right.

Gymnosperm ovulesBorne exposed directly on the surface of cone scales (megasporophylls)
Angiosperm ovulesEnclosed completely within a protective ovary structure
Gymnosperm endospermHaploid ( $n$ ) tissue derived from female gametophyte prior to fertilization
Angiosperm endospermTriploid ( $3n$ ) tissue formed as a product of double fertilization

Answer

Gymnosperm ovules match with being exposed on cone scales; Angiosperm ovules match with being enclosed within an ovary; Gymnosperm endosperm matches with being haploid (

n

) tissue formed before fertilization; Angiosperm endosperm matches with being triploid (

3n

) tissue formed after double fertilization.

Gymnosperms bear exposed ovules on cone scales and possess haploid (

n

) endosperm formed prior to fertilization. Angiosperms enclose their ovules within an ovary wall and form triploid (

3n

) endosperm via double fertilization.

Step-by-Step Solution

Analyze seed exposure differences between spermatophyte divisions.

Gymnosperms produce exposed ('naked') seeds on megasporophylls, whereas angiosperms produce seeds enclosed in ovaries.

This establishes the fundamental taxonomic boundary between gymnosperms and angiosperms.

Compare endosperm ploidy and developmental timing.

Gymnosperm endosperm develops prior to fertilization and is haploid (

n

), while angiosperm endosperm forms via double fertilization of polar nuclei, resulting in a triploid (

3n

) structure.

This differentiates the female gametophyte development and fertilization mechanisms of both seed plant groups.

Key Concept

Structural and reproductive differences between Gymnosperms and Angiosperms

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