Examkin

Question

Difficulty: HardApplications of Genetics in Medicine and Agriculture

Match each application of genetics in medicine or agriculture on the left with its corresponding biological mechanism or practical objective on the right.

  • Genetic counselingAnalyzing parental genotypes to evaluate the probability of offspring inheriting autosomal recessive blood disorders
  • Induction of polyploidyUsing spindle-inhibiting chemicals like colchicine to multiply chromosome sets, producing larger organs or seedless fruits
  • Rhesus factor compatibility screeningPreventing maternal anti-Rh antibody sensitization against fetal red blood cells in subsequent pregnancies
  • Hybrid vigor (Heterosis)Crossing distinct inbred lines to produce progeny with enhanced yield, vigor, and stress resistance

Answer

Genetic counseling matches with analyzing parental genotypes to evaluate inheritance risks of blood disorders; Induction of polyploidy matches with using colchicine to multiply chromosome sets for larger or seedless crops; Rhesus factor compatibility screening matches with preventing maternal antibody sensitization against fetal red blood cells; Hybrid vigor matches with crossing distinct inbred lines for enhanced progeny yield and vigor.
Each application accurately matches its defined genetic procedure or outcome. In medicine, genetic counseling determines inheritance probability while Rhesus screening prevents hemolytic disease of the newborn. In agriculture, polyploidy modification enhances organ size or seedlessness, and heterosis produces high-performing hybrid crops.

Step-by-Step Solution

1
Differentiate medical genetic applications from agricultural genetic applications.
Genetic counseling and Rhesus factor compatibility are medical applications, whereas polyploidy induction and hybrid vigor are agricultural applications.
Categorizing items by domain simplifies finding their underlying genetic mechanisms.
2
Align medical concepts with their clinical targets.
Genetic counseling assesses carrier probability (e.g., sickle-cell trait). Rhesus compatibility screening avoids immune rejection of fetal erythrocytes (Rh+Rh^+) by sensitized maternal (Rh−Rh^-) antibodies.
Both procedures prevent or mitigate hereditary and developmental blood disorders.
3
Align agricultural techniques with their biotechnological methods.
Polyploidy uses mitotic inhibitors like colchicine to induce chromosome doubling for crop improvement. Hybrid vigor exploits heterosis from crossing inbred lines.
These techniques increase crop biomass, fruit quality, and resistance to environmental stress.

Key Concept

Applications of Genetics in Medicine and Agriculture
Estimated Time:1m 30s
Rate this question

Topics

Applications of Genetics in Medicine and Agriculture

More questions from this topic