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Difficulty: MediumBasic Genetics Terminology and Concepts

Match each fundamental genetics term on the left with its precise biological definition on the right.

  • LocusThe specific physical position occupied by a gene on a chromosome.
  • AlleleOne of two or more alternative functional forms of a particular gene.
  • GenotypeThe specific allelic composition or genetic makeup of an organism.
  • PhenotypeThe observable physical, physiological, or biochemical characteristics of an organism.

Answer

Locus matches the specific physical position of a gene on a chromosome; Allele matches an alternative functional form of a gene; Genotype matches the specific allelic composition of an organism; Phenotype matches the observable physical or physiological characteristics of an organism.
Each genetic term matches its corresponding definition: Locus is the physical gene location on a chromosome, Allele is a gene variant, Genotype is the allelic composition, and Phenotype is the observable structural or functional trait.

Step-by-Step Solution

1
Identify the chromosomal position term.
Locus corresponds to the fixed physical site of a gene on a chromosome.
Chromosomal positioning terminology distinguishes the locus from the gene itself.
2
Distinguish gene variants.
Allele corresponds to alternative sequence versions of the same gene.
Genes exist in variant molecular forms called alleles.
3
Separate internal genetic makeup from outward appearance.
Genotype is the inherited genetic constitution, while Phenotype is the observable physical feature.
Genotype provides the instructions; phenotype is the expressed physical manifestation.

Key Concept

Basic Genetics Terminology
Estimated Time:1m 30s
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Basic Genetics Terminology and Concepts

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