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Difficulty: MediumFundamental and Derived Quantities

Which of the following combinations consists entirely of derived physical quantities?

  1. A
    Length, acceleration, and thermodynamic temperature
  2. Volume, momentum, and electrical potential differenceAnswer
  3. C
    Mass, velocity, and luminous intensity
  4. D
    Time, force, and electric current

Answer

The combination comprising volume, momentum, and electrical potential difference consists entirely of derived physical quantities.
The combination containing volume, momentum, and electrical potential difference consists entirely of derived physical quantities because volume depends on length (L3L^3), momentum depends on mass, length, and time (M⋅L⋅T−1M\cdot L\cdot T^{-1}), and electrical potential difference depends on mass, length, time, and electric current (M⋅L2⋅T−3⋅I−1M\cdot L^2\cdot T^{-3}\cdot I^{-1}). None of these three are base/fundamental quantities.

Step-by-Step Solution

1
Identify the seven fundamental physical quantities in SI units.
The seven fundamental quantities are mass, length, time, electric current, thermodynamic temperature, amount of substance, and luminous intensity.
Fundamental quantities serve as the basic foundation from which all other physical quantities are defined.
2
Classify each physical quantity present in the given combinations.
Volume (m3m^3), momentum (kg⋅m/skg\cdot m/s), and potential difference (VV or kg⋅m2/(A⋅s3)kg\cdot m^2/(A\cdot s^3)) are all derived from fundamental units. Other combinations contain fundamental quantities such as length, mass, time, temperature, or electric current.
Derived quantities are physical quantities defined by mathematical combinations of fundamental quantities.
3
Select the option where every listed quantity is a derived quantity.
The group containing volume, momentum, and electrical potential difference is the only set where all items are derived quantities.
It fulfills the requirement of containing exclusively derived physical quantities.

Key Concept

Fundamental quantities are independent quantities defined by international standard protocols, whereas derived quantities are formed by mathematical combinations of fundamental quantities.
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Topics

Fundamental and Derived Quantities

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