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Difficulty: EasyElectronic Configuration, Orbitals, and Quantum Rules

Match each quantum rule or principle with its correct statement regarding electronic configuration.

  • Hund's Rule of Maximum MultiplicityOrbitals of equal energy (degenerate orbitals) are each occupied singly before any orbital is doubly occupied.
  • Pauli Exclusion PrincipleNo two electrons in the same atom can have identical values for all four quantum numbers.
  • Aufbau PrincipleElectrons occupy atomic orbitals of the lowest available energy levels before filling higher energy levels.

Answer

Hund's Rule matches single occupancy of degenerate orbitals before pairing; Pauli Exclusion Principle matches the restriction that no two electrons share four identical quantum numbers; Aufbau Principle matches filling lowest energy orbitals first.
Hund's rule describes filling degenerate orbitals singly first with parallel spins. The Pauli exclusion principle mandates that no two electrons in an atom possess identical sets of four quantum numbers. The Aufbau principle specifies filling orbitals starting from the lowest energy level.

Step-by-Step Solution

1
Identify the definition of Hund's Rule of Maximum Multiplicity.
Hund's rule specifies that degenerate orbitals are occupied singly first to minimize electron-electron repulsion.
Electrons in different orbitals with parallel spins lower electrostatic energy.
2
Identify the definition of the Pauli Exclusion Principle.
Pauli's principle states that an orbital can hold at most two electrons of opposite spin.
This guarantees that every electron in an atom has a unique set of four quantum numbers (n,l,ml,msn, l, m_l, m_s).
3
Identify the definition of the Aufbau Principle.
The Aufbau principle dictates that subshells fill in order of increasing energy according to the (n+l)(n+l) rule.
Ground states require minimum total electronic potential energy.

Key Concept

Fundamental Quantum Rules Governing Ground-State Electronic Configuration
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Topics

Electronic Configuration, Orbitals, and Quantum Rules

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