Match each noble gas listed on the left with its corresponding primary industrial applicat… — JAMB UTME

Match each noble gas listed on the left with its corresponding primary industrial application or physical property on the right.

Helium ( $He$ )Filling weather balloons and providing low-density lifting gas
Neon ( $Ne$ )Advertising discharge tubes emitting a brilliant reddish-orange glow
Argon ( $Ar$ )Providing an inert gas shield during electric arc welding of metals
Krypton ( $Kr$ )Filling high-intensity luminous lamps used in airport runway beacons

Answer

Helium corresponds to filling weather balloons; Neon corresponds to reddish-orange advertising discharge tubes; Argon corresponds to an inert gas shield during electric arc welding; Krypton corresponds to high-intensity airport runway lamps.

Helium is chosen for balloons because it is light and non-flammable. Neon produces a characteristic reddish-orange light when ionized in sign tubes. Argon is abundant and unreactive, ideal for protecting molten metals during arc welding. Krypton increases filament efficiency and brightness in specialized high-intensity beacons.

Step-by-Step Solution

Evaluate the unique physical characteristics and electronic stability of each Group 18 element.

Helium has low density and

1s^2

duplet stability; Neon, Argon, and Krypton have complete

ns^2 np^6

octets with specific emission spectra and densities.

Specific industrial uses rely on unreactivity, density, optical emission, or thermal conductivity.

Correlate each gas to its technological application.

Helium

\rightarrow

weather balloons; Neon

\rightarrow

orange signboards; Argon

\rightarrow

arc welding shield; Krypton

\rightarrow

runway beacons.

Matching properties ensures optimal performance and safety in industrial contexts.

Key Concept

Noble gases possess full valence energy levels (

1s^2

for

He

ns^2 np^6

for others), making them chemically unreactive and suitable for specialized optical, atmospheric, and cryogenic applications.

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