Match each soil horizon process or zonal pedogenic process on the left with its corresponding characteristic soil profile feature on the right.
- EluviationLoss of soluble minerals and colloidal particles from Horizon A by percolating water
- IlluviationAccumulation of washed-down clay, iron, and aluminum compounds in Horizon B
- LateritizationFormation of a red, iron-rich sesquioxide soil layer due to silica removal in hot, humid climates
- PodzolizationDevelopment of a heavily bleached, ash-grey subsurface horizon under acidic coniferous forest litter
Answer
Eluviation pairs with the loss of soluble minerals and colloidal particles from Horizon A by percolating water; Illuviation pairs with the accumulation of washed-down clay, iron, and aluminum compounds in Horizon B; Lateritization pairs with the formation of a red, iron-rich sesquioxide soil layer due to silica removal in hot, humid climates; Podzolization pairs with the development of a heavily bleached, ash-grey subsurface horizon under acidic coniferous forest litter.
Each pedogenic term accurately aligns with its diagnostic profile feature: Eluviation describes removal of minerals from topsoil, Illuviation describes their accumulation in subsoil, Lateritization describes silica-leached tropical soils rich in iron, and Podzolization describes acid-leached boreal soils with an ash-grey layer.
Step-by-Step Solution
Key Concept
Soil Profile Horizon Processes and Pedogenic Weathering Types