Question

Difficulty: HardDirect and Indirect (Reported) Speech

The chief consultant physician inquired of the patient, "How long have you been experiencing these sharp abdominal pains, and did you take any unprescribed medication earlier today?"

Which of the following options correctly renders the statement above into reported speech?

  1. The chief consultant physician inquired of the patient how long he had been experiencing those sharp abdominal pains and if he had taken any unprescribed medication earlier that day.Answer
  2. B
    The chief consultant physician inquired of the patient how long he has been experiencing those sharp abdominal pains and whether he took any unprescribed medication earlier today.
  3. C
    The chief consultant physician inquired of the patient that how long he had been experiencing those sharp abdominal pains and did he take any unprescribed medication earlier that day.
  4. D
    The chief consultant physician inquired of the patient how long had he been experiencing those sharp abdominal pains and whether he had taken any unprescribed medication earlier today.

Answer

The option stating that the chief consultant physician inquired of the patient how long he had been experiencing those sharp abdominal pains and if he had taken any unprescribed medication earlier that day.
The correct response accurately transforms both clauses of the compound direct question into reported speech: the present perfect continuous 'have been experiencing' shifts to the past perfect continuous 'had been experiencing', the simple past 'did take' shifts to the past perfect 'had taken', the demonstrative 'these' changes to 'those', the time expression 'earlier today' changes to 'earlier that day', subject-verb inversion is removed, and the yes/no clause is appropriately introduced by 'if'.

Step-by-Step Solution

1
Analyze the direct speech statement components
The direct speech contains a past reporting verb ('inquired'), two interrogative clauses connected by 'and' ('How long have you been...' [wh- question] and 'did you take...' [yes/no question]), demonstrative 'these', and time expression 'earlier today'.
Identifying sentence type, reporting verb tense, and shiftable elements is necessary to apply indirect speech conversion rules.
2
Apply backshift rules to verbs and adjust pronouns/demonstratives/adverbials
'have been experiencing' (present perfect continuous) becomes 'had been experiencing' (past perfect continuous); 'did take' (simple past) becomes 'had taken' (past perfect); 'these' becomes 'those'; 'earlier today' becomes 'earlier that day'.
When the reporting verb is in the past tense, tenses backshift, demonstratives change to distant forms, and time expressions shift relative to the past context.
3
Convert interrogative syntax into reported statement syntax
The wh- question becomes 'how long he had been experiencing...', and the yes/no question is introduced by 'if' or 'whether' ('if he had taken...'), eliminating subject-auxiliary inversion.
Reported questions do not use question word order or auxiliary inversion, nor do they take the conjunction 'that'.

Key Concept

Direct and Indirect (Reported) Speech
Estimated Time:1m 30s
Rate this question