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Difficulty: EasyFunctional Groups, Homologous Series, and IUPAC Nomenclature

Match each organic functional group class on the left with its characteristic IUPAC naming suffix on the right.

  • Alkanol (Alcohol)-ol
  • Alkanal (Aldehyde)-al
  • Alkanone (Ketone)-one
  • Alkanoic acid (Carboxylic acid)-oic acid

Answer

Alkanol (Alcohol) matches with '-ol', Alkanal (Aldehyde) matches with '-al', Alkanone (Ketone) matches with '-one', and Alkanoic acid (Carboxylic acid) matches with '-oic acid'.
Each organic functional group family corresponds to a specific IUPAC naming suffix: Alkanols take '-ol', Alkanals take '-al', Alkanones take '-one', and Alkanoic acids take '-oic acid'.

Step-by-Step Solution

1
Identify the primary functional group present in each class of organic compound.
Alkanols possess hydroxyl groups, alkanals possess aldehyde groups, alkanones possess ketone carbonyl groups, and alkanoic acids possess carboxyl groups.
The characteristic functional group determines both the homologous series and the IUPAC suffix rules.
2
Assign the standard IUPAC nomenclature suffix corresponding to each functional group.
Alkanol →\rightarrow '-ol', Alkanal →\rightarrow '-al', Alkanone →\rightarrow '-one', Alkanoic acid →\rightarrow '-oic acid'.
Standard IUPAC rules modify the parent alkane name by replacing the terminal '-e' with the designated functional group suffix.

Key Concept

IUPAC Suffixes for Functional Groups
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Topics

Functional Groups, Homologous Series, and IUPAC Nomenclature

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