Question

Difficulty: MediumTemperature Scales and Thermometric Properties

A thermistor has an electrical resistance of 800Ω800\,\Omega at the melting point of ice (0C0^\circ\text{C}) and 200Ω200\,\Omega at the boiling point of water (100C100^\circ\text{C}). Assuming the thermometric property varies linearly with temperature, what is the temperature in degrees Celsius (C^\circ\text{C}) when the resistance of the thermistor is 500Ω500\,\Omega?

Answer: 50 °C

Answer

The temperature corresponding to a resistance of 500Ω500\,\Omega is 50C50^\circ\text{C}.
Applying the standard thermometric interpolation relation θ=RθR0R100R0×100C\theta = \frac{R_\theta - R_0}{R_{100} - R_0} \times 100^\circ\text{C} with R0=800ΩR_0 = 800\,\Omega, R100=200ΩR_{100} = 200\,\Omega, and Rθ=500ΩR_\theta = 500\,\Omega gives θ=500800200800×100=300600×100=50C\theta = \frac{500 - 800}{200 - 800} \times 100 = \frac{-300}{-600} \times 100 = 50^\circ\text{C}.

Step-by-Step Solution

1
Identify the values of the thermometric property at the ice point and steam point.
R0=800ΩR_0 = 800\,\Omega and R100=200ΩR_{100} = 200\,\Omega.
These established values represent the fixed points of 0C0^\circ\text{C} and 100C100^\circ\text{C} respectively.
2
Set up the linear relationship formula for temperature conversion on the Celsius scale.
\(\theta = \frac{R_\theta - R_0}{R_{100} - R_0} \times 100^\circ\text{C}\)
The temperature scale is defined linearly between the two fixed calibration points.
3
Substitute the unknown resistance Rθ=500ΩR_\theta = 500\,\Omega into the equation and compute the result.
\(\theta = \frac{500 - 800}{200 - 800} \times 100^\circ\text{C} = \frac{-300}{-600} \times 100^\circ\text{C} = 50^\circ\text{C}\)
Dividing the change from the lower fixed point by the total interval between fixed points gives the fraction of 100C100^\circ\text{C}.

Key Concept

Linear relationship between a thermometric property and temperature
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