Question

Difficulty: MediumPopulation Concepts and Growth Dynamics

Match each population concept or growth index on the left with its corresponding demographic definition or structural relationship on the right.

  • Crude Birth Rate (CBR)The total number of live births recorded in a year per 1,000 mid-year population.
  • Rate of Natural Increase (RNI)The net percentage annual population change resulting exclusively from the surplus of live births over deaths.
  • Total Dependency RatioThe proportion of non-working population (ages 0–14 and 65+) relative to the economically productive cohort (ages 15–64).
  • Population MomentumContinued growth of a population despite fertility rate decline, caused by a large proportion of youthful cohorts reaching childbearing age.

Answer

The correct pairings match Crude Birth Rate with live births per 1,000 mid-year population; Rate of Natural Increase with net annual percentage growth from birth surplus over deaths; Total Dependency Ratio with the ratio of non-working dependent age groups to the working-age group; and Population Momentum with sustained population growth driven by a high proportion of young people entering reproductive age.
Each demographic concept is matched strictly with its standard analytical definition used in population geography.

Step-by-Step Solution

1
Analyze Crude Birth Rate
Matched with live births per 1,000 mid-year population.
CBR measures crude natality per standardized thousand-person unit.
2
Analyze Rate of Natural Increase
Matched with net percentage growth driven by birth surplus over deaths.
RNI isolates natural biological change without accounting for international or internal migration.
3
Analyze Total Dependency Ratio
Matched with non-working cohorts relative to economically productive population.
The dependency ratio divides youth (0–14) plus elderly (65+) by working-age adults (15–64).
4
Analyze Population Momentum
Matched with continued growth following fertility decline caused by youthful age structure.
A broad-based young age structure ensures high absolute birth numbers even when fertility rates drop.

Key Concept

Demographic Indices and Growth Dynamics
Rate this question