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Question

Difficulty: Very hardInternational Agreements and Global Environmental Initiatives

A coastal African nation faces two distinct environmental challenges: the illegal dumping of imported toxic electronic waste along its shoreline, and the ecological degradation of an expansive coastal wetland that serves as a critical habitat for endangered migratory birds. Which pair of international agreements specifically provides the regulatory frameworks to address these two challenges, respectively?

  1. The Basel Convention and the Ramsar ConventionAnswer
  2. B
    The Montreal Protocol and the Kyoto Protocol
  3. C
    The CITES Treaty and Agenda 21
  4. D
    The Paris Agreement and the Basel Convention

Answer

The Basel Convention and the Ramsar Convention
The option selecting the Basel Convention and the Ramsar Convention is correct because the Basel Convention directly targets international movements and dumping of hazardous e-waste, while the Ramsar Convention provides international standards for preserving wetland ecosystems.

Step-by-Step Solution

1
Analyze the first environmental challenge in the stem
The issue involves transboundary movement and dumping of toxic electronic waste.
The Basel Convention on the Control of Transboundary Movements of Hazardous Wastes and Their Disposal (1989) is the global treaty designed to prevent and control the transfer of toxic materials from developed to developing countries.
2
Analyze the second environmental challenge in the stem
The issue involves the degradation of a coastal wetland providing habitat for migratory birds.
The Ramsar Convention on Wetlands of International Importance (1971) specifically targets the protection, sustainable management, and preservation of wetland ecosystems and waterfowl habitats.
3
Match the identified treaties in the correct sequence
The correct sequence is Basel Convention followed by Ramsar Convention.
The question requires matching the treaties to hazardous waste regulation first and wetland habitat preservation second.

Key Concept

Scope and mandates of global environmental conventions
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Topics

International Agreements and Global Environmental Initiatives