Match each aquatic or terrestrial habitat in Column A with its corresponding defining envi… — JAMB UTME

Match each aquatic or terrestrial habitat in Column A with its corresponding defining environmental characteristic and biotic feature in Column B.

Estuarine Mangrove SwampFluctuating salinity, oxygen-deficient muddy substrate, and dominant stilt-rooted vegetation
Benthic Zone of a Deep LakeTotal absence of sunlight, low dissolved oxygen, and accumulation of organic detritus
Sahel SavannaSparse rainfall ( $200-500\text{ mm/year}$ ), prominent sand dunes, and short thorny shrubs
Montane Vegetation ZoneLow mean atmospheric temperature, high ultraviolet radiation, and dwarf cushion plants

Answer

Estuarine Mangrove Swamp matches fluctuating salinity and oxygen-deficient mud; Benthic Zone of a Deep Lake matches absence of sunlight and accumulation of detritus; Sahel Savanna matches sparse rainfall and short thorny shrubs; Montane Vegetation Zone matches low atmospheric temperature and dwarf cushion plants.

Each biome and aquatic habitat is matched to its primary physical constraints and characteristic plant/organism adaptations. Estuaries feature variable salinity and stilt roots; the benthic zone is deep, dark, and rich in detritus; the Sahel savanna is semi-arid with sparse thorny scrub; and montane zones present cold high-altitude conditions with dwarf vegetation.

Step-by-Step Solution

Analyze the abiotic and biotic factors of the Estuarine Mangrove Swamp.

Identified brackish conditions (fluctuating salinity), anaerobic mud substrates, and specialized stilt roots.

Estuaries form where rivers meet the ocean, creating salinity gradients and hypoxic soils.

Examine the benthic zone of deep aquatic habitats.

Matches dark, cold conditions at the bottom of water bodies where decomposers process falling organic detritus.

Sunlight cannot penetrate to the aphotic benthic substrate in deep lakes.

Evaluate the climatic profile of the Sahel Savanna in West Africa.

Matches extreme aridity, short rainy seasons (

200-500\text{ mm}

annually), and desert-edge vegetation like thorny acacias.

The Sahel represents the transitional zone between the Sudan Savanna and the Sahara Desert.

Determine the features of high-altitude Montane biomes.

Matches cold air temperatures, elevated UV radiation, and stunted cushion-forming flora.

Lapse rate reduces air temperature at higher elevations, selecting for dwarf plant growth forms.

Key Concept

Biomes and Aquatic/Terrestrial Environmental Characteristics

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