Match each atmospheric pollutant in Column A with its corresponding environmental impact o… — JAMB UTME

Match each atmospheric pollutant in Column A with its corresponding environmental impact or chemical role in Column B.

Peroxyacetyl nitrate (PAN)Powerful eye irritant formed as a secondary pollutant during photochemical smog
Sulfur dioxide ( $SO_2$ )Primary gas oxidized in the atmosphere to form $H_2SO_4$ , resulting in acid rain
Carbon monoxide ( $CO$ )Colorless pollutant that binds irreversibly to hemoglobin, inhibiting oxygen transport in blood
Nitrogen dioxide ( $NO_2$ )Brownish gas whose photolysis by ultraviolet light releases atomic oxygen to generate tropospheric ozone ( $O_3$ )

Peroxyacetyl nitrate (PAN) matches with being a secondary pollutant in photochemical smog causing eye irritation; Sulfur dioxide (

SO_2

) matches with being a primary precursor to acid rain via sulfuric acid formation; Carbon monoxide (

CO

) matches with binding to hemoglobin to inhibit oxygen transport; Nitrogen dioxide (

NO_2

) matches with undergoing photolysis in sunlight to form ground-level ozone.

Peroxyacetyl nitrate (PAN) is a classic secondary pollutant responsible for eye irritation in photochemical smog. Sulfur dioxide (

SO_2

) is the main precursor to acid rain through atmospheric oxidation into sulfuric acid. Carbon monoxide (

CO

) impairs oxygen transport in animals by producing carboxyhemoglobin. Nitrogen dioxide (

NO_2

) acts as a primary trigger for tropospheric ozone (

O_3

) synthesis via solar photolysis.

Identify the chemical origin and effect of Peroxyacetyl nitrate (PAN)

PAN is a secondary pollutant created in photochemical smog that causes severe eye irritation.

PAN is produced when hydrocarbons react with nitrogen oxides under sunlight.

Identify the primary environmental damage linked to Sulfur dioxide (

SO_2

)

SO_2

dissolves in atmospheric moisture after oxidation to produce acid rain containing tetraoxosulfate(VI) acid.

SO_2 + H_2O + \frac{1}{2}O_2 \rightarrow H_2SO_4

Analyze the physiological effect of Carbon monoxide (

CO

)

CO

forms carboxyhemoglobin in blood, blocking oxygen uptake.

Hemoglobin has a significantly higher affinity for

CO

than for

O_2

Identify the role of Nitrogen dioxide (

NO_2

) in smog formation

NO_2

photolyzes under UV radiation to release atomic oxygen, initiating ground-level ozone (

O_3

) synthesis.

Sunlight breaks the

N-O

bond in

NO_2

to drive photochemical reactions.

Distinction between primary and secondary air pollutants, photochemical smog reactions, and acid rain precursors.

Question