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Difficulty: MediumCauses of Discrepancies Between Cash Book and Bank Statement

At the end of April 2026, the Cash Book of Koko Traders showed a debit bank balance of NGN 38,200\text{NGN } 38,200, whereas the Bank Statement reflected a credit balance of NGN 45,000\text{NGN } 45,000. A detailed examination revealed the following discrepancies:
- A direct credit by a customer of NGN 9,500\text{NGN } 9,500 was recorded on the Bank Statement only.
- Bank charges of NGN 1,200\text{NGN } 1,200 were debited by the bank only.
- Cheques issued to suppliers amounting to NGN 14,000\text{NGN } 14,000 had not yet been presented for payment.

What is the total value of uncredited lodgements at the end of April 2026?

  1. A
    NGN 7,200
  2. B
    NGN 12,500
  3. NGN 15,500Answer
  4. D
    NGN 21,500

Answer

The total value of uncredited lodgements is NGN 15,500.
To find the uncredited lodgements, first update the Cash Book balance for items recorded only on the Bank Statement: NGN 38,200+NGN 9,500−NGN 1,200=NGN 46,500\text{NGN } 38,200 + \text{NGN } 9,500 - \text{NGN } 1,200 = \text{NGN } 46,500. Then apply the reconciliation relationship: Adjusted Cash Book Balance+Unpresented Cheques−Uncredited Lodgements=Bank Statement Balance\text{Adjusted Cash Book Balance} + \text{Unpresented Cheques} - \text{Uncredited Lodgements} = \text{Bank Statement Balance}. Substituting the given figures gives NGN 46,500+NGN 14,000−Uncredited Lodgements=NGN 45,000\text{NGN } 46,500 + \text{NGN } 14,000 - \text{Uncredited Lodgements} = \text{NGN } 45,000, which solves to NGN 15,500\text{NGN } 15,500.

Step-by-Step Solution

1
Calculate the Adjusted Cash Book Balance
Adjusted Cash Book Balance = NGN 46,500\text{NGN } 46,500
Unrecorded items in the Cash Book must be adjusted first: Debit balance (NGN 38,200\text{NGN } 38,200) + Direct credit (NGN 9,500\text{NGN } 9,500) - Bank charges (NGN 1,200\text{NGN } 1,200) = NGN 46,500\text{NGN } 46,500.
2
Set up the Bank Reconciliation Statement equation
Adjusted Cash Book+Unpresented Cheques−Uncredited Lodgements=Bank Statement Balance\text{Adjusted Cash Book} + \text{Unpresented Cheques} - \text{Uncredited Lodgements} = \text{Bank Statement Balance}
Unpresented cheques increase the bank balance relative to the cash book, while uncredited lodgements decrease it.
3
Solve for Uncredited Lodgements
Uncredited Lodgements = NGN 15,500\text{NGN } 15,500
Substitute known values: 46,500+14,000−L=45,000  ⟹  60,500−L=45,000  ⟹  L=60,500−45,000=15,50046,500 + 14,000 - L = 45,000 \implies 60,500 - L = 45,000 \implies L = 60,500 - 45,000 = 15,500.

Key Concept

Calculation of missing bank reconciliation items via Adjusted Cash Book
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Topics

Causes of Discrepancies Between Cash Book and Bank Statement

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