Match each electoral system listed on the left with its precise operational mechanism or counting rule on the right.
- Alternative Vote (Preferential System)Operates in single-member districts where voters rank candidates in order of preference until a candidate secures an absolute majority () through successive elimination and vote redistribution.
- Single Transferable Vote (STV)Operates in multi-member constituencies where candidates are elected by reaching a calculated electoral quota via voter preference rankings and surplus vote redistribution.
- First-Past-The-Post (Plurality System)Requires a candidate to obtain a relative majority of votes cast in single-member constituencies, irrespective of whether an absolute majority is attained.
- Second Ballot (Run-off System)Requires a supplementary election between the top two contenders if no single candidate achieves an absolute majority () in the primary poll.
Answer
Alternative Vote matches the single-member preferential voting mechanism with vote redistribution to achieve an absolute majority. Single Transferable Vote matches the multi-member constituency system utilizing an electoral quota. First-Past-The-Post matches the single-member relative majority requirement. Second Ballot matches the requirement for a supplementary run-off election when no candidate receives an absolute majority in the initial round.
Each electoral system is correctly matched based on its core voting formula and district composition: Alternative Vote uses preferential ranking in single-member districts to reach an absolute majority; Single Transferable Vote uses preference ranking in multi-member districts with a calculated quota; First-Past-The-Post awards victory to the highest vote getter in single-member districts regardless of majority; and Second Ballot requires a run-off election when no candidate obtains an absolute majority in the first round.
Step-by-Step Solution
Key Concept
Operational Mechanics and Classification of Electoral Systems
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