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Difficulty: MediumOxygen, Ozone, and Classification of Oxides

Oxides and oxygen allotropes exhibit distinct chemical behaviors depending on their bonding and acid-base character. Match each specified oxide or oxygen compound on the left with its corresponding chemical property or classification on the right.

  • Potassium superoxide (KO2\text{KO}_2)A superoxide compound containing the O2−\text{O}_2^- ion that releases oxygen gas upon reaction with water
  • Dinitrogen pentoxide (N2O5\text{N}_2\text{O}_5)An acidic oxide that reacts with water to produce trioxonitrate(V) acid (HNO3\text{HNO}_3)
  • Carbon monoxide (CO\text{CO})A neutral oxide that does not react with acids or bases to form salts
  • Beryllium oxide (BeO\text{BeO})An amphoteric oxide that dissolves in both strong aqueous acids and concentrated alkalis

Answer

Potassium superoxide (KO2\text{KO}_2) matches with the superoxide compound releasing oxygen gas upon reaction with water; Dinitrogen pentoxide (N2O5\text{N}_2\text{O}_5) matches with the acidic oxide yielding trioxonitrate(V) acid; Carbon monoxide (CO\text{CO}) matches with the neutral oxide showing no reaction with acids or bases; Beryllium oxide (BeO\text{BeO}) matches with the amphoteric oxide dissolving in both acids and alkalis.
Oxides are categorized based on their chemical behavior toward water, acids, and bases. Potassium superoxide is a superoxide species that liberates oxygen gas when mixed with water. Dinitrogen pentoxide acts as an acidic oxide, reacting with water to form nitric acid. Carbon monoxide is neutral and does not form salts with acids or bases. Beryllium oxide shows dual acid-base character, making it an amphoteric oxide.

Step-by-Step Solution

1
Analyze potassium superoxide (KO2\text{KO}_2)
Identified as a superoxide species containing O2−\text{O}_2^-, which yields KOH\text{KOH}, H2O2\text{H}_2\text{O}_2, and liberates O2\text{O}_2 gas when hydrolysed by water.
Superoxides contain oxygen in an oxidation state of −12-\frac{1}{2} and readily liberate oxygen gas upon contact with aqueous media.
2
Analyze dinitrogen pentoxide (N2O5\text{N}_2\text{O}_5)
Identified as an acidic oxide (acid anhydride) which dissolves in water according to N2O5+H2O→2HNO3\text{N}_2\text{O}_5 + \text{H}_2\text{O} \rightarrow 2\text{HNO}_3.
Non-metal oxides in high oxidation states typically dissolve in water to produce oxoacids.
3
Analyze carbon monoxide (CO\text{CO})
Identified as a neutral oxide.
Neutral oxides like CO\text{CO}, N2O\text{N}_2\text{O}, and NO\text{NO} do not react with water, acids, or alkalis to form salts.
4
Analyze beryllium oxide (BeO\text{BeO})
Identified as an amphoteric oxide.
Beryllium, like aluminium, forms an oxide that reacts with both acids to give beryllium salts and strong bases to form beryllate ions (\text{[Be(OH)_4]^{2-}}).

Key Concept

Classification of Oxides and Oxygen Species
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Topics

Oxygen, Ozone, and Classification of Oxides

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