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Difficulty: EasyRock Types, Formation, and Economic Importance

Match each rock type listed on the left with its corresponding mode of origin or formation process on the right.

  • BasaltCooling and solidification of molten lava on the Earth's surface
  • LimestonePrecipitation and deposition of calcium carbonate sediments
  • MarbleThermal transformation of calcareous rock under intense heat and pressure
  • CoalAccumulation and compaction of organic plant remains

Answer

Basalt pairs with rapid lava cooling on the surface; Limestone pairs with calcium carbonate sediment accumulation; Marble pairs with metamorphic transformation under heat and pressure; Coal pairs with accumulation and compaction of organic plant remains.
Basalt is formed through extrusive igneous volcanic cooling; Limestone forms from calcium carbonate deposition; Marble is produced via thermal metamorphism of limestone; Coal develops from compressed organic vegetation.

Step-by-Step Solution

1
Categorize each rock into its main rock group (igneous, sedimentary, or metamorphic).
Basalt is igneous (extrusive); Limestone is sedimentary (chemically/organically formed); Marble is metamorphic; Coal is sedimentary (organically formed).
Understanding the major group identifies the primary environment and mechanism of formation.
2
Link each specific rock to its distinctive formation description.
Basalt aligns with surface lava solidification; Limestone aligns with carbonate sediment accumulation; Marble aligns with altered limestone due to metamorphism; Coal aligns with compressed plant material.
Matching each rock to its origin confirms correct geographical knowledge.

Key Concept

Classification and Formation Processes of Igneous, Sedimentary, and Metamorphic Rocks
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Topics

Rock Types, Formation, and Economic Importance

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