Match each commercial scenario in Column I with its corresponding legal concept governing contract discharge, vitiating elements, or remedies in Column II.
- A cargo ship chartered to deliver agricultural produce is permanently detained by foreign authorities due to an outbreak of war, rendering performance impossible.Discharge by frustration
- A distributor is forced to sign a supply agreement under direct threats of immediate physical violence against his family.Vitiating element of duress
- A consultant completes three out of five distinct stages of an agreed audit contract before the client wrongfully terminates the agreement, and the consultant claims payment for work done.Remedy of quantum meruit
- Two merchants enter into an agreement for the sale of a specific warehouse inventory, unaware that the inventory was completely destroyed by fire an hour earlier.Vitiating element of common mistake
Answer
The cargo ship detention corresponds to discharge by frustration. The coerced distributor agreement corresponds to the vitiating element of duress. The partial audit work claim corresponds to the remedy of quantum meruit. The contract for non-existent inventory corresponds to the vitiating element of common mistake.
Each scenario correctly matches its foundational principle under Nigerian contract law: supervening war causes frustration; physical coercion creates duress; recovery for partial work completed is quantum meruit; and contracting for already destroyed subject matter is a common mistake.
Step-by-Step Solution
Key Concept
Classification of Contract Discharge, Vitiating Elements, and Remedies