Question

Difficulty: MediumPolynomials, Factor and Remainder Theorems

What is the remainder when the polynomial P(x)=2x3−5x2+7x−3P(x) = 2x^3 - 5x^2 + 7x - 3 is divided by (2x−1)(2x - 1)?

  1. −12-\frac{1}{2}Answer
  2. B
    −8-8
  3. C
    11
  4. D
    −17-17

Answer

The remainder is −12-\frac{1}{2}.
By the Remainder Theorem, when P(x)P(x) is divided by (ax−b)(ax - b), the remainder is P(ba)P\left(\frac{b}{a}\right). Setting 2x−1=02x - 1 = 0 yields x=12x = \frac{1}{2}. Evaluating P(12)=2(18)−5(14)+7(12)−3=14−54+72−3=−12P\left(\frac{1}{2}\right) = 2\left(\frac{1}{8}\right) - 5\left(\frac{1}{4}\right) + 7\left(\frac{1}{2}\right) - 3 = \frac{1}{4} - \frac{5}{4} + \frac{7}{2} - 3 = -\frac{1}{2}.

Step-by-Step Solution

1
Find the root of the linear divisor
2x−1=0  ⟹  x=122x - 1 = 0 \implies x = \frac{1}{2}
According to the Remainder Theorem, dividing P(x)P(x) by a linear divisor (ax−b)(ax - b) yields a remainder of P(ba)P\left(\frac{b}{a}\right).
2
Substitute x=12x = \frac{1}{2} into P(x)=2x3−5x2+7x−3P(x) = 2x^3 - 5x^2 + 7x - 3
P(12)=2(12)3−5(12)2+7(12)−3P\left(\frac{1}{2}\right) = 2\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)^3 - 5\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)^2 + 7\left(\frac{1}{2}\right) - 3
Evaluating the polynomial at the root of the divisor determines the remainder.
3
Calculate the arithmetic value
P(12)=2(18)−5(14)+72−3=14−54+72−3=−1+72−3=−4+3.5=−0.5=−12P\left(\frac{1}{2}\right) = 2\left(\frac{1}{8}\right) - 5\left(\frac{1}{4}\right) + \frac{7}{2} - 3 = \frac{1}{4} - \frac{5}{4} + \frac{7}{2} - 3 = -1 + \frac{7}{2} - 3 = -4 + 3.5 = -0.5 = -\frac{1}{2}
Simplifying the fractional terms gives the final remainder value.

Key Concept

Remainder Theorem for Linear Divisors (ax−b)(ax - b)
Rate this question