Question

Difficulty: HardTypes and Forms of Money

Match each form of money listed in Column A with its defining characteristic or legal attribute in Column B.

  • Token MoneyMoney whose declared face value substantially exceeds the intrinsic material cost of producing it
  • Fiat MoneyCurrency issued by government decree without physical commodity backing
  • Legal TenderA medium of exchange that creditors are legally bound to accept when offered in settlement of monetary debts
  • Near Money (Quasi-Money)Liquid financial instruments easily convertible to cash but not directly usable for day-to-day transactions

Answer

Token Money matches with money whose declared face value substantially exceeds its intrinsic material cost; Fiat Money matches with currency issued by government decree without physical commodity backing; Legal Tender matches with a medium of exchange that creditors are legally bound to accept for debt settlement; Near Money matches with liquid financial instruments easily convertible to cash but not directly usable for transactions.
Each monetary form is matched according to its fundamental commercial definition: Token Money has a face value above its metallic/intrinsic cost; Fiat Money is established by state decree without physical reserves; Legal Tender is legally compulsory for settling monetary debts; Near Money consists of liquid financial instruments that act as store of value but require conversion to cash before spending.

Step-by-Step Solution

1
Analyze Token Money
Identify that token money possesses an official face value far greater than the value of its physical metal or paper composition.
Token coins rely on face value assignment rather than full metallic bullion weight.
2
Analyze Fiat Money
Recognize that fiat money is backed by government order/sanction rather than convertible reserves of gold or silver.
The term fiat signifies an order or decree by government authorities.
3
Analyze Legal Tender
Link legal tender to statutory protection that obligates creditors to accept it for debt repayment within a jurisdiction.
Refusing legal tender invalidates legal claims to debt default damages in court.
4
Analyze Near Money
Identify non-currency assets that retain high liquidity and store value but require conversion prior to purchasing goods.
Near money assets lack general acceptability as direct media of exchange.

Key Concept

Distinction and Attributes of Forms of Money
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