Diphthongs

59 questions

Question 41Question

Identify the matching diphthong sounds by pairing each word on the left with the word on the right that contains the identical vowel glide.

Click a left item, then click its matching right item

Items

pier
flair
lure
dough

Matches

Show answer & explanation

Answer

The correct pairings are: 'pier' matches with 'fear' (/ɪə/), 'flair' matches with 'there' (/eə/), 'lure' matches with 'boor' (/ʊə/), and 'dough' matches with 'foe' (/əʊ/).
Each target word pairs precisely with the word sharing its diphthong sound: 'pier' matches 'fear' (/ɪə/), 'flair' matches 'there' (/eə/), 'lure' matches 'boor' (/ʊə/), and 'dough' matches 'foe' (/əʊ/).

Step-by-Step Solution

1
Determine the primary diphthong sound in each word on the left.
'pier' contains /ɪə/, 'flair' contains /eə/, 'lure' contains /ʊə/, and 'dough' contains /əʊ/.
Identifying phonetic transcriptions reveals the specific vowel glides regardless of spelling.
2
Analyze the vowel glides in each word on the right.
'there' contains /eə/, 'foe' contains /əʊ/, 'fear' contains /ɪə/, and 'boor' contains /ʊə/.
Phonetic analysis isolates the target diphthong sound for comparison.
3
Match words sharing identical diphthong vowel sounds.
'pier' pairs with 'fear', 'flair' pairs with 'there', 'lure' pairs with 'boor', and 'dough' pairs with 'foe'.
Direct sound correspondence establishes the correct phonetic pairs.

Key Concept

Identification and phonetic matching of Received Pronunciation (RP) diphthong sounds
Question 42Question

Consider the phonetic structure of the word bough. Which candidate word is pronounced using the exact same diphthong vowel sound?

Show answer & explanation

Answer: drought

Answer

The word 'drought' is the correct answer because it contains the diphthong /aʊ/, matching 'bough'.
The word 'bough' is phonetically transcribed as /baʊ/, featuring the diphthong /aʊ/. Among the given choices, 'drought' (/draʊt/) is the only word that shares this exact diphthong sound.

Step-by-Step Solution

1
Identify the phonetic vowel sound in the target word 'bough'.
The word 'bough' is transcribed phonetically as /baʊ/, containing the diphthong /aʊ/.
Accurate sound identification requires isolating the glide sound represented by the letter sequence '-ough' in 'bough'.
2
Transcribe and analyze the vowel sounds of each provided option.
'drought' is /draʊt/ (/aʊ/), 'dough' is /dəʊ/ (/əʊ/), 'rough' is /rʌf/ (/ʌ/), and 'through' is /θruː/ (/uː/).
English spelling can be deceptive; the grapheme '-ough' yields multiple distinct monophthongs and diphthongs across different words.
3
Match the target diphthong /aʊ/ with the corresponding word choice.
'drought' shares the exact /aʊ/ diphthong sound with 'bough'.
Only 'drought' replicates the precise two-target vowel glide /aʊ/.

Key Concept

Identification and phonetic matching of the English diphthong /aʊ/
Estimated Time:1m 30s
Question 43Question

Complete the phonetic analysis statement by identifying the word that contains the specified diphthong sound.

Fill in the blanks below

While words like 'beard', 'tier', and 'pier' all contain the centring diphthong /ɪə/, the word from the list 'clerk', 'pearl', 'tier', and 'heir' that features the centring diphthong /eə/ is .
Show answer & explanation

Answer

heir
The word 'heir' is pronounced /eə/ with a silent 'h', containing the exact centring diphthong /eə/ as found in words like 'care', 'bear', and 'air'.

Step-by-Step Solution

1
Transcribe the target word options into Received Pronunciation (RP) International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) symbols.
'clerk' is pronounced /klɑːk/ (monophthong /ɑː/), 'pearl' is pronounced /pɜːl/ (monophthong /ɜː/), 'tier' is pronounced /tɪə/ (diphthong /ɪə/), and 'heir' is pronounced /eə/ (diphthong /eə/).
Phonetic identification requires analyzing the vowel nucleus of each word.
2
Match the target diphthong /eə/ to the correct phonetic transcription.
The word 'heir' contains the silent initial 'h' and is pronounced identically to 'air' (/eə/), which matches the target diphthong.
'heir' is a classic silent-letter orthographic trap in JAMB Use of English.

Key Concept

Identification of the centring diphthong /eə/
Question 44Question

Which of the given words contains the same diphthong sound as sew?

Show answer & explanation

Answer: foe

Answer

The word 'foe' contains the same diphthong sound /əʊ/ as 'sew'.
The word 'sew' is pronounced /səʊ/, utilizing the diphthong sound /əʊ/. Among the choices, 'foe' is pronounced /fəʊ/, which features the exact same diphthong vowel glide.

Step-by-Step Solution

1
Identify the phonetic sound in the keyword
The word 'sew' is pronounced as /səʊ/, which features the diphthong vowel sound /əʊ/.
Determining the accurate phonetic transcription of the target word is essential before matching.
2
Transcribe and analyze the vowel sounds of each option
'foe' is /fəʊ/, 'law' is /lɔː/, 'shoe' is /ʃuː/, and 'few' is /fjuː/.
Comparing vowel transcriptions reveals which candidate retains the glide /əʊ/ versus pure monophthongs.
3
Match the matching diphthong sound
'foe' (/fəʊ/) matches 'sew' (/səʊ/).
Both words share the identical diphthong sound /əʊ/.

Key Concept

Diphthong Identification (/əʊ/ sound matching)
Question 45Question

Complete the phonetic statement below by identifying the correct word that contains the target diphthong sound.

Fill in the blanks below

Among the options 'plough', 'soul', 'tomb', and 'soup', the word that features the diphthong sound /əʊ/ is .
Show answer & explanation

Answer

soul
The word 'soul' is pronounced /səʊl/, which contains the diphthong vowel sound /əʊ/.

Step-by-Step Solution

1
Examine the phonetic transcription of each word given in the statement.
'soul' is transcribed as /səʊl/, 'plough' as /plaʊ/, 'tomb' as /tuːm/, and 'soup' as /suːp/.
Phonetic transcription helps isolate the exact vowel sound present in each word.
2
Match the target diphthong /əʊ/ with the word that contains it.
'soul' contains the diphthong /əʊ/.
The vowel sound in 'soul' glides smoothly from the schwa /ə/ toward the rounded vowel /ʊ/.

Key Concept

Diphthong Identification (/əʊ/ sound)
Estimated Time:1m 0s
Question 46Question

Select the word that features the exact same diphthong sound as the one present in indict.

Show answer & explanation

Answer: aisle

Answer

The word 'aisle' contains the same diphthong sound /aɪ/ as 'indict'.
The word 'indict' contains the diphthong sound /aɪ/ (pronounced /ɪnˈdaɪt/). Similarly, the word 'aisle' is pronounced /aɪl/, which shares the exact same diphthong glide /aɪ/.

Step-by-Step Solution

1
Identify the diphthong sound in the target word
The word 'indict' is pronounced /ɪnˈdaɪt/, containing the diphthong sound /aɪ/.
Determining the correct phonetic transcription of the target word is essential to identify its core vowel sound.
2
Analyze the vowel sounds in the options
'aisle' is pronounced /aɪl/ (/aɪ/), 'deceit' is /dɪˈsiːt/ (/iː/), 'freight' is /freɪt/ (/eɪ/), and 'receipt' is /rɪˈsiːt/ (/iː/).
Comparing the phonetic realization of each option reveals which word matches the target diphthong /aɪ/.

Key Concept

Identification of the /aɪ/ diphthong sound across non-standard spelling patterns
Question 47Question

Match each word in Group 1 with the word in Group 2 that contains the identical diphthong sound.

Click a left item, then click its matching right item

Items

gaol
buoy
crouch
tier

Matches

Show answer & explanation

Answer

The correct matches are: 'gaol' pairs with 'rein' (/eɪ/), 'buoy' pairs with 'rejoice' (/ɔɪ/), 'crouch' pairs with 'plough' (/aʊ/), and 'tier' pairs with 'weird' (/ɪə/).
Each word from Group 1 is paired with its exact phonetic match in Group 2 based on shared diphthong sounds: 'gaol' (/dʒeɪl/) matches 'rein' (/reɪn/) for /eɪ/, 'buoy' (/bɔɪ/) matches 'rejoice' (/rɪˈdʒɔɪs/) for /ɔɪ/, 'crouch' (/kraʊtʃ/) matches 'plough' (/plaʊ/) for /aʊ/, and 'tier' (/tɪə/) matches 'weird' (/wɪəd/) for /ɪə/.

Step-by-Step Solution

1
Identify the primary diphthong sound in each target word in Group 1
'gaol' contains /eɪ/, 'buoy' contains /ɔɪ/, 'crouch' contains /aʊ/, and 'tier' contains /ɪə/.
Phonetic transcription isolates the vowel glide (diphthong) from deceptive spelling.
2
Transcribe and isolate the diphthong sound in each candidate word in Group 2
'rejoice' contains /ɔɪ/, 'weird' contains /ɪə/, 'rein' contains /eɪ/, and 'plough' contains /aʊ/.
Matching requires finding corresponding phonetic vowel glides irrespective of orthography.
3
Pair words from Group 1 to Group 2 sharing identical diphthongs
'gaol' matches 'rein', 'buoy' matches 'rejoice', 'crouch' matches 'plough', and 'tier' matches 'weird'.
Identical phonetic transcriptions establish the correct pairings.

Key Concept

Diphthong Sound Identification and Sound Matching
Question 48Question

In English phonetics, a diphthong represents a smooth vocalic glide from one vowel quality to another within the same syllable. Which of the words listed below contains the diphthong sound /eə/?

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Answer: scarce

Answer

The word 'scarce' is the correct choice because its vowel nucleus is pronounced with the centering diphthong /eə/.
The word 'scarce' (/skeəs/) contains the centering diphthong sound /eə/, where the tongue glides smoothly from the front vowel quality /e/ to the central vowel quality /ə/.

Step-by-Step Solution

1
Identify the target diphthong sound specified in the stem
The target phonetic sound is the centering diphthong /eə/.
The question specifically asks for a word containing the /eə/ sound.
2
Transcribe the phonetic vowel sounds of each given option
'hearth' is pronounced /hɑːθ/, 'scarce' is pronounced /skeəs/, 'pierce' is pronounced /pɪəs/, and 'beard' is pronounced /bɪəd/.
Phonetic analysis reveals the specific vowel quality present in each candidate word.
3
Match the target diphthong /eə/ to the correct phonetic transcription
Only 'scarce' contains the exact diphthong glide /eə/.
The vowel sound in 'scarce' glides from an open-mid front position toward a central schwa.

Key Concept

Diphthong Identification (/eə/ sound)
Question 49Question

Which of the words 'gauge' or 'plait' contains the diphthong sound /eɪ/ to correctly complete the phonetic observation below?

Fill in the blanks below

Unlike 'plait' which features the short monophthong /æ/, the word containing the diphthong sound /eɪ/ is .
Show answer & explanation

Answer

gauge
The word 'gauge' is transcribed phonetically as /ɡeɪdʒ/, featuring the diphthong /eɪ/. In contrast, 'plait' is transcribed as /plæt/, containing only the monophthong /æ/.

Step-by-Step Solution

1
Examine the phonetic transcription of the candidate word 'plait'.
The word 'plait' is pronounced /plæt/, which uses the pure monophthong vowel sound /æ/.
Spelling with 'ai' often tricks learners into expecting a diphthong, but 'plait' rhymes with 'plat'.
2
Examine the phonetic transcription of 'gauge'.
The word 'gauge' is pronounced /ɡeɪdʒ/, which explicitly contains the diphthong glide /eɪ/.
The vowel sound glides from /e/ towards /ɪ/, forming the diphthong /eɪ/.

Key Concept

Identification of the diphthong sound /eɪ/ in English words with deceptive orthography
Estimated Time:1m 0s
Question 50Question

Spelling patterns in English can often be deceptive regarding vowel sounds. Which of the following words does NOT contain the diphthong sound /eɪ/?

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Answer: threat

Answer

The word 'threat' is the correct answer because it contains the short monophthong vowel /e/, whereas the other words all contain the diphthong /eɪ/.
The correct option is 'threat'. Phonetically, 'threat' is pronounced as /θret/, containing the short monophthong vowel sound /e/. In contrast, 'break' (/breɪk/), 'steak' (/steɪk/), and 'gauge' (/geɪdʒ/) all contain the diphthong sound /eɪ/.

Step-by-Step Solution

1
Identify the phonetic transcription of each word given in the options.
'break' is transcribed as /breɪk/, 'steak' as /steɪk/, 'gauge' as /geɪdʒ/, and 'threat' as /θret/.
Phonetic transcription reveals the actual vowel quality independently of orthographic spelling.
2
Classify the core vowel sound in each word as either a diphthong or a monophthong.
The words 'break', 'steak', and 'gauge' all feature the diphthong /eɪ/, whereas 'threat' features the monophthong /e/.
A diphthong involves a glide from one vocalic position to another, while a monophthong remains steady in quality.
3
Select the word that does not contain the target diphthong /eɪ/.
'threat' is selected as the odd word containing a monophthong.
The question specifically asks for the word that does NOT contain the diphthong sound /eɪ/.

Key Concept

Distinction between the diphthong /eɪ/ and the short monophthong /e/
Question 51Question

Match each word in List A with the word in List B that contains the exact same diphthong sound.

Click a left item, then click its matching right item

Items

rejoice
dough
drought
lure

Matches

Show answer & explanation

Answer

'rejoice' matches with 'coil' (/ɔɪ/), 'dough' matches with 'coax' (/ə��/), 'drought' matches with 'prow' (/aʊ/), and 'lure' matches with 'moor' (/ʊə/).
Each pair aligns words containing identical diphthong sounds regardless of spelling variations: 'rejoice' and 'coil' both produce /ɔɪ/, 'dough' and 'coax' both produce /əʊ/, 'drought' and 'prow' both produce /aʊ/, and 'lure' and 'moor' both produce /ʊə/.

Step-by-Step Solution

1
Identify the primary diphthong sound in each word in List A.
'rejoice' features /ɔɪ/, 'dough' features /əʊ/, 'drought' features /aʊ/, and 'lure' features /ʊə/.
Phonetic transcription isolates the vowel glide within the stressed syllable of each word.
2
Determine the diphthong sound in each word in List B.
'prow' features /aʊ/, 'moor' features /ʊə/, 'coil' features /ɔɪ/, and 'coax' features /əʊ/.
Analyzing the phonetic values of the potential options reveals their exact vowel structures.
3
Pair the words that share identical diphthong vowel sounds.
'rejoice' pairs with 'coil' (/ɔɪ/); 'dough' pairs with 'coax' (/əʊ/); 'drought' pairs with 'prow' (/aʊ/); 'lure' pairs with 'moor' (/ʊə/).
Correct matching pairs words based on spoken sound equivalence rather than spelling patterns.

Key Concept

Diphthong sound matching and identification across diverse spelling representations.
Question 52Question

Complete the phonetic observation by filling in the blank with the correct word.

Fill in the blanks below

While words like 'door' and 'floor' are pronounced with the pure monophthong vowel /ɔː/, the word is pronounced with the diphthong /ʊə/.
Show answer & explanation

Answer

The word that completes the statement is 'moor'.
The word 'moor' is pronounced as /mʊə/, featuring a distinct vowel glide from /ʊ/ to /ə/, making it a diphthong. In contrast, 'door' (/dɔː/) and 'floor' (/flɔː/) are produced with the monophthong /ɔː/.

Step-by-Step Solution

1
Examine the phonetic transcription of the contrasting words 'door' and 'floor'.
Both 'door' (/dɔː/) and 'floor' (/flɔː/) contain a single long pure vowel sound (monophthong), /ɔː/.
Identifying the monophthong baseline helps distinguish pure vowels from gliding diphthongs.
2
Determine the phonetic transcription of 'moor' to check for a diphthong glide.
'Moor' is transcribed as /mʊə/, which involves a vowel glide from the near-close back rounded vowel /ʊ/ to the central schwa /ə/.
A sound that glides from one vowel position to another within the same syllable is classified as a diphthong.

Key Concept

Identifying the English diphthong /ʊə/ in contrast to deceptive monophthong spellings
Estimated Time:1m 0s
Question 53Question

Which of the following words contains the same vowel sound as the one underlined in the word ch<u>a</u>os?

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Answer: rein

Answer

The word 'rein' contains the diphthong sound /eɪ/, matching the underlined sound in 'chaos'.
The underlined letter in 'chaos' is pronounced as the diphthong /eɪ/. The word 'rein' (/reɪn/) uses the vowel combination 'ei' to produce this identical /eɪ/ sound.

Step-by-Step Solution

1
Identify the phonetic sound represented by the underlined letter in the target word.
In the word 'chaos' (/ˈkeɪɒs/), the letter 'a' represents the diphthong /eɪ/.
Isolating the precise target sound is required before evaluating option sounds.
2
Transcribe and analyze the primary vowel sound of each choice.
'rein' has /eɪ/, 'realm' has /e/, 'heart' has /ɑː/, and 'plait' has /æ/.
Phonetic analysis prevents being misled by irregular English spelling patterns.
3
Match the target diphthong /eɪ/ to the option that shares it.
'rein' matches /eɪ/.
Both 'chaos' and 'rein' share the sound /eɪ/.

Key Concept

Identification of the English Diphthong /eɪ/
Question 54Question

Which of the following words contains the diphthong sound /ɪə/?

Show answer & explanation

Answer: beard

Answer

beard
The word 'beard' is pronounced as /bɪəd/, featuring the diphthong /ɪə/. A diphthong involves a smooth auditory glide from one vowel quality to another within the same syllable.

Step-by-Step Solution

1
Analyze the phonetic pronunciation of each given word.
The word 'beard' is transcribed as /bɪəd/, 'heard' as /hɜːd/, 'dread' as /dred/, and 'earth' as /ɜːθ/.
Identifying the exact phonetic transcription isolates the vowel sound produced in each word.
2
Identify which vowel sound is a diphthong.
The vowel sound in 'beard' is /ɪə/, which is a centring diphthong gliding from /ɪ/ to /ə/.
The other three words contain pure monophthongs (/ɜː/ and /e/) despite sharing the 'ea' spelling pattern.

Key Concept

Diphthong Identification (/ɪə/ vs Monophthongs)
Question 55Question

Which of the following words contains the same diphthong sound as the one underlined in the word s<u>ue</u>de?

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Answer: crepe

Answer

The word 'crepe' contains the same diphthong sound /eɪ/ as the word 'suede'.
The underlined spelling in 'suede' represents the diphthong /eɪ/ (/sweɪd/). Among the choices, 'crepe' is pronounced /kreɪp/, which contains the exact same diphthong glide /eɪ/.

Step-by-Step Solution

1
Identify the phonetic transcription of the target word
The target word 'suede' is pronounced /sweɪd/, where the underlined spelling 'ue' produces the diphthong sound /eɪ/.
Determining the exact vowel sound in the stem word is necessary before matching options.
2
Analyze the phonetic composition of each candidate option
'crepe' is pronounced /kreɪp/ (/eɪ/); 'quay' is pronounced /kiː/ (/iː/); 'suite' is pronounced /swiːt/ (/iː/); 'premise' is pronounced /ˈpremɪs/ (/ɪ/).
Distinguishing pure monophthongs from diphthongs eliminates deceptive spelling traps.
3
Match the target sound to the correct option
'crepe' (/kreɪp/) matches the diphthong /eɪ/ found in 'suede' (/sweɪd/).
Both words share the identical diphthong sound /eɪ/ despite their loanword orthography.

Key Concept

Identification of the English diphthong /eɪ/ across non-standard orthographic spellings
Estimated Time:45s
Question 56Question

Which word in List B contains the exact same diphthong sound as each corresponding target word in List A?

Click a left item, then click its matching right item

Items

skein
bough
sew
heir

Matches

Show answer & explanation

Answer

skein matches weigh (/eɪ/); bough matches prowl (/aʊ/); sew matches foe (/əʊ/); heir matches lair (/eə/).
Each target word from List A matches a word in List B that shares its exact diphthong glide: 'skein' and 'weigh' share /eɪ/; 'bough' and 'prowl' share /aʊ/; 'sew' and 'foe' share /əʊ/; 'heir' and 'lair' share /eə/.

Step-by-Step Solution

1
Transcribe the target words in List A phonetically to isolate their core diphthongs
'skein' has /eɪ/, 'bough' has /aʊ/, 'sew' has /əʊ/, and 'heir' has /eə/.
Identifying the precise phonetic symbol prevents orthographic confusion caused by silent letters or non-standard spelling.
2
Transcribe the candidate words in List B phonetically
'lair' has /eə/, 'weigh' has /eɪ/, 'foe' has /əʊ/, and 'prowl' has /aʊ/.
Phonetic transcription allows direct 1-to-1 sound matching regardless of spelling differences.
3
Pair words with identical diphthong sound profiles
skein → weigh (/eɪ/), bough → prowl (/aʊ/), sew → foe (/əʊ/), heir → lair (/eə/).
Matching requires identical vowel glides across standard English diphthongs.

Key Concept

Diphthongs and Sound-to-Spelling Discrepancies
Question 57Question

Complete the phonetic observation by filling in the blank with the correct word.

Fill in the blanks below

Despite the deceptive spelling of its final syllable, the legal term contains the diphthong sound /aɪ/.
Show answer & explanation

Answer

The correct word to fill in the blank is 'indict'.
The word 'indict' is pronounced /ɪnˈdaɪt/. The second syllable features a glide from the open front unrounded vowel position to the near-close front unrounded vowel position, creating the diphthong sound /aɪ/ despite the silent letter 'c'.

Step-by-Step Solution

1
Examine the phonetic transcription of the word 'indict'.
The word 'indict' is phonetically transcribed as /ɪnˈdaɪt/.
The letter sequence 'ict' contains a silent 'c' and produces the diphthong sound /aɪ/ followed by /t/.
2
Verify the presence of the target diphthong sound.
The vowel sound in the second syllable glides smoothly from /a/ to /ɪ/, forming the diphthong /aɪ/.
This confirms that 'indict' satisfies the phonetic requirement of containing the diphthong /aɪ/.

Key Concept

Diphthongs and orthographic deceptive spellings
Estimated Time:1m 0s
Question 58Question

Identify the word among the options that is pronounced with the diphthong /eɪ/.

Show answer & explanation

Answer: deign

Answer

deign
The word 'deign' is pronounced /deɪn/. The spelling combination 'eign' produces the diphthong /eɪ/, making it the correct choice.

Step-by-Step Solution

1
Analyze the phonetic transcription of the target sound /eɪ/
The sound /eɪ/ is a closing diphthong gliding from the mid-front position /e/ toward the close-front position /ɪ/.
Understanding the acoustic and articulatory target sound allows accurate word matching.
2
Transcribe the pronunciation of each word option
'deign' = /deɪn/, 'friend' = /frend/, 'leopard' = /ˈlep.əd/, 'dime' = /daɪm/.
Orthographic spellings like 'ei' or 'ie' can be deceptive; exact phonetic transcription isolates the vowel sound.
3
Match the target diphthong to the correct option
'deign' correctly contains the diphthong /eɪ/.
The silent letter sequence 'g' does not prevent 'ei' from producing the /eɪ/ diphthong sound.

Key Concept

Diphthong /eɪ/ Identification and Deceptive Orthography
Question 59Question

The underlined vowel sound in the word br<u>oo</u>ch is identical to the vowel sound in which of these words?

Show answer & explanation

Answer: coax

Answer

coax
The word 'brooch' is pronounced /brəʊtʃ/, containing the diphthong /əʊ/. The word 'coax' is pronounced /kəʊks/, which uses the exact same diphthong /əʊ/.

Step-by-Step Solution

1
Identify the phonetic transcription of the target word 'brooch'.
The word 'brooch' is pronounced /brəʊtʃ/, which features the diphthong sound /əʊ/ despite its 'oo' spelling.
English spelling can be deceptive; 'oo' in 'brooch' does not yield the standard monophthong /uː/.
2
Analyze the vowel sounds in each option.
'brood' is /bruːd/ (monophthong /uː/), 'coax' is /kəʊks/ (diphthong /əʊ/), 'blood' is /blʌd/ (monophthong /ʌ/), and 'broad' is /brɔːd/ (monophthong /ɔː/).
Matching requires isolating the exact diphthong /əʊ/ sound across candidate words.
3
Select the option with the matching diphthong sound.
'coax' contains the identical diphthong sound /əʊ/.
Both 'brooch' and 'coax' share the diphthong sound /əʊ/.

Key Concept

Diphthong Identification (/əʊ/) and Orthographic Traps
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