Question

Difficulty: MediumMust Be True / Most Strongly Supported

Every container vessel docking at Port Vane must either utilize shore power while berthed or burn certified ultra-low emission fuel. Any vessel that burns certified ultra-low emission fuel is subject to mandatory fuel auditing by the maritime authority unless it possesses an active green-flag certification. Yesterday, the container vessel Meridian Star docked at Port Vane, did not utilize shore power while berthed, and does not possess an active green-flag certification.

If the statements above are true, which one of the following must also be true?

  1. A
    Any vessel docking at Port Vane that undergoes mandatory fuel auditing did not utilize shore power while berthed.
  2. B
    Every container vessel that docks at Port Vane without an active green-flag certification is subject to mandatory fuel auditing.
  3. The Meridian Star is subject to mandatory fuel auditing by the maritime authority.Answer
  4. D
    If a container vessel possesses an active green-flag certification, it is required to utilize shore power while berthed at Port Vane.
  5. E
    The Meridian Star will be prohibited from docking at Port Vane in the future if it fails the mandatory fuel audit.

Answer

The Meridian Star is subject to mandatory fuel auditing by the maritime authority.
The conclusion that the Meridian Star is subject to mandatory fuel auditing strictly follows from combining the premises. Under Port Vane rules, every docking vessel must use shore power or burn ultra-low emission fuel. Since the Meridian Star docked and did not use shore power, it had to burn ultra-low emission fuel. Under the second rule, burning that fuel triggers mandatory fuel auditing unless the ship has green-flag certification. Because the Meridian Star lacks this certification, the audit is strictly required.

Step-by-Step Solution

1
Analyze the first requirement for vessels docking at Port Vane.
Docking Vessel → Shore Power OR Ultra-Low Emission Fuel.
Establishes a disjunctive requirement for all docking container vessels.
2
Apply the facts regarding the Meridian Star to the first rule.
Because the Meridian Star docked at Port Vane and did not use shore power, it must have burned certified ultra-low emission fuel.
Eliminating one disjunct necessitates the truth of the remaining disjunct.
3
Evaluate the auditing condition given the vessel's status.
Ultra-Low Emission Fuel AND No Green-Flag Certification → Mandatory Fuel Audit.
Since the Meridian Star satisfies both conditions (burned the fuel and lacks the certification), the mandatory audit necessarily follows.

Key Concept

Deductive Conditional Chaining and Disjunctive Elimination
Estimated Time:1m 15s
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