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Difficulty: EasyPrinciple - Justify

Match each argumentative scenario with the universal principle that most helps to logically justify its conclusion.

  • The new community center will provide a safe space for youth after school. Therefore, the town should fund its construction.The town should fund the construction of any facility that provides a safe space for youth after school.
  • The proposed factory expansion will destroy a critical wetland habitat. Therefore, the environmental committee must veto the expansion.The environmental committee must veto any project that destroys a critical wetland habitat.
  • The new crop variety requires significantly less water than traditional varieties. Therefore, the agricultural board should approve it for commercial farming.The agricultural board should approve any crop for commercial farming that requires significantly less water than traditional varieties.
  • The political candidate has a proven record of increasing voter turnout. Therefore, the political party ought to nominate her.A political party ought to nominate any candidate who has a proven record of increasing voter turnout.

Answer

Each scenario must be matched with the principle that takes its specific premise as a sufficient condition to guarantee its specific conclusion.
In a Principle - Justify question, the correct principle functions as a sufficient premise that connects the specific evidence given to the specific conclusion drawn. By perfectly aligning the 'if' trigger of the principle with the scenario's premise, and the 'then' result of the principle with the scenario's conclusion, the argument becomes logically valid.

Step-by-Step Solution

1
Identify the premise (the factual evidence) and the conclusion (the normative judgment or recommendation) in a given scenario.
Separation of the argument into 'Fact X is true' and 'Therefore, Action Y should happen'.
Justifying an argument requires understanding exactly what evidence is being used to support what claim.
2
Identify the logical gap between the premise and the conclusion.
Recognition that the scenario assumes, without stating, that Fact X is enough to require Action Y.
In Principle - Justify questions, arguments are formally invalid until a broad rule is applied to bridge the gap.
3
Select the principle that explicitly states 'If Fact X, then Action Y'.
The correct principle is matched to the scenario.
A sufficient principle guarantees the conclusion follows logically from the premises provided.

Key Concept

Principle - Justify
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Topics

Principle - Justify

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