Question

Difficulty: MediumGeneral Method of Reasoning

Read the following argument:

Biologist: The recent discovery of fossilized feathers on several dinosaur species has led some paleontologists to conclude that all dinosaurs were endothermic (warm-blooded). They argue that feathers evolved primarily for insulation, which is a trait closely associated with endothermic animals. However, this conclusion is premature. Feathers could have initially evolved for entirely different purposes, such as mating displays or species recognition, and only much later been adapted for thermal regulation. Furthermore, many modern ectothermic (cold-blooded) animals possess complex physical structures used solely for display.

Evaluate the following statement: The biologist's argument proceeds by demonstrating that the premises used to support a competing conclusion contradict one another.

Answer: Answer

Answer

The statement is False because the author offers an alternative explanation for evidence, rather than pointing out a logical contradiction.
The statement incorrectly describes the argumentative method. The biologist does not show that the paleontologists' premises contradict each other; rather, the biologist weakens the connection between the premise (feathers) and the conclusion (warm-bloodedness) by offering an alternative explanation (feathers for display).

Step-by-Step Solution

1
Identify the opposing argument
Paleontologists argue that dinosaurs were endothermic because they had feathers, which evolved for insulation.
Understanding the target of the critique is necessary to evaluate the method of critique.
2
Analyze the biologist's counterargument
The biologist suggests feathers might have evolved for mating displays, not insulation.
This identifies the core argumentative strategy used by the author.
3
Evaluate the provided statement against the strategy
The statement claims the author points out a contradiction. The author actually provides an alternative explanation. Thus, the statement is false.
Comparing the actual method to the described method determines the truth value.

Key Concept

General Method of Reasoning
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