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Difficulty: EasyMust Be True / Most Strongly Supported

All botanists employed at the state arboretum have specialized certification in rare flora preservation. Anyone who possesses specialized certification in rare flora preservation is authorized to collect plant specimens in the protected nature reserve. Clara is a botanist employed at the state arboretum.

If the statements above are true, which one of the following must also be true?

  1. A
    Anyone authorized to collect plant specimens in the protected nature reserve is employed as a botanist at the state arboretum.
  2. B
    Possessing specialized certification in rare flora preservation is the only qualification required to obtain employment at the state arboretum.
  3. Clara is authorized to collect plant specimens in the protected nature reserve.Answer
  4. D
    All individuals who hold specialized certification in rare flora preservation work exclusively for state-run institutions.
  5. E
    Clara prefers collecting plant specimens in the protected nature reserve to analyzing samples in the laboratory.

Answer

Clara is authorized to collect plant specimens in the protected nature reserve.
The stimulus establishes a direct transitive conditional chain: being a botanist at the arboretum guarantees holding the rare flora certification, and holding that certification guarantees authorization to collect specimens in the nature reserve. Because Clara is a botanist at the arboretum, she necessarily possesses the certification and therefore must be authorized to collect specimens.

Step-by-Step Solution

1
Map the conditional rules established by the premises
Rule 1: Employed as arboretum botanist entails holding rare flora certification. Rule 2: Holding rare flora certification entails being authorized to collect specimens in the reserve. Fact: Clara is employed as an arboretum botanist.
Establishing the formal conditional structure allows for valid transitive deduction.
2
Chain the conditional statements and apply them to the specific subject
Clara -> Arboretum Botanist -> Certified in Rare Flora Preservation -> Authorized to Collect Plant Specimens.
Deductive validity requires combining valid 'all' statements into a unified logical chain.
3
Identify the statement that must be true based strictly on this deductive chain
Clara is logically guaranteed to be authorized to collect plant specimens in the protected nature reserve.
On Must Be True questions, the correct answer is fully supported without assuming external facts.

Key Concept

Transitive conditional deduction in deductive reasoning
Estimated Time:45s
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Topics

Must Be True / Most Strongly Supported

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