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Difficulty: MediumLifestyle Choices

A practical nurse (PN) is reinforcing lifestyle modifications for a 42-year-old client with a sedentary occupation, obesity, and a recent diagnosis of essential hypertension. The client expresses frustration about changing their dietary habits and physical activity. Which of the following actions should the PN take? Select all that apply.

  1. Collaborate with the client to identify realistic, incremental goals for daily step counts.Answer
  2. B
    Independently develop and prescribe a comprehensive, 1,500-calorie dietary plan for the client.
  3. C
    Ask the client, "Why are you feeling frustrated when these changes are necessary to prevent a heart attack?"
  4. Reinforce the importance of establishing a consistent sleep schedule to help manage stress and blood pressure.Answer
  5. E
    Hand the client a standard low-sodium meal menu without inquiring about their cultural or religious food preferences.

Answer

The correct actions are collaborating with the client to set realistic, incremental physical activity goals and reinforcing the importance of a consistent sleep schedule.
The correct actions focus on empowering the client through collaborative, incremental goal-setting (such as tracking daily steps) and addressing holisitic lifestyle factors (such as sleep hygiene). These approaches are within the practical nurse's scope of practice, promote adherence, and directly address the risk factors associated with obesity and hypertension in a therapeutic manner.

Step-by-Step Solution

1
Analyze the client's situation.
The client has a sedentary job, obesity, and hypertension, and is expressing frustration about needing to make lifestyle changes.
Understanding the clinical and psychosocial context is essential for selecting appropriate nursing interventions.
2
Evaluate the PN's scope of practice.
The PN can reinforce education, collaborate on goal setting, and collect data, but cannot independently prescribe new medical or dietary therapies.
Ensures that the selected actions remain within legal and professional boundaries.
3
Assess communication and cultural considerations.
Therapeutic communication must be open and non-judgmental. Interventions must account for cultural and personal preferences to be effective.
Lifestyle changes are highly personal; ignoring culture or using non-therapeutic communication reduces client compliance.
4
Select the correct actions based on the analysis.
Setting incremental step goals and reinforcing sleep hygiene are appropriate, supportive, and within the PN scope of practice.
These actions directly address the client's condition safely and therapeutically.

Key Concept

Reinforcing Lifestyle Modifications and PN Scope of Practice
Estimated Time:1m 30s
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Topics

Lifestyle Choices

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