A practical nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client regarding the correct technique for a monthly breast self-examination (BSE). Arrange the following steps in the correct chronological order the client should perform them.
- 1Visually inspect the breasts in a mirror with the arms resting relaxed at the sides.
- 2Raise both arms over the head to observe for skin dimpling or changes in breast contour.
- 3Press the hands firmly against the hips to contract the chest muscles and check for symmetry.
- 4Lie down in a supine position with a small pillow placed under the shoulder of the breast being examined.
- 5Palpate the breast tissue systematically using the finger pads of the three middle fingers.
Answer
The correct sequence begins with visual inspections in various postures to check for asymmetry or dimpling, followed by proper positioning and systematic palpation of the tissue.
The breast self-examination (BSE) must always begin with visual inspection to identify any visible abnormalities. The client should first look at the breasts with arms relaxed to note symmetry, shape, and skin color. Next, raising the arms overhead and then pressing hands firmly on the hips contracts the pectoral muscles, which can reveal subtle skin dimpling, retractions, or changes in contour caused by underlying tumors. After visual inspection, the client should lie down and place a pillow under the shoulder of the side being examined. This position evenly spreads and thins the breast tissue across the chest wall. Finally, the client uses the finger pads of the three middle fingers to systematically palpate all areas of the breast to check for lumps.
Step-by-Step Solution
Key Concept
Secondary Prevention: Breast Self-Examination (BSE) Sequence
Estimated Time:1m 30s