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Difficulty: MediumClient Rights and Advocacy

A practical nurse (PN) is assigned to care for several clients on a medical-surgical unit. Which of the following actions by the PN demonstrate appropriate advocacy and protection of client rights? (Select all that apply.)

  1. Withholding a scheduled preoperative sedative when the client expresses confusion about the surgical procedure.Answer
  2. Asking a visitor to provide the client's privacy code before confirming the client is admitted to the facility.Answer
  3. Notifying the nursing supervisor immediately after observing suspicious bruising on a dependent adult client.Answer
  4. D
    Providing a detailed explanation of alternative treatments to a client who is hesitant to sign a consent form.
  5. E
    Sharing a client's positive laboratory results with a family member who is listed as the emergency contact.
  6. F
    Waiting to report suspected domestic abuse until the client explicitly confirms that their partner caused the injuries.

Answer

The correct actions that demonstrate appropriate advocacy and protection of client rights are withholding preoperative sedation if the client is confused about the surgery, verifying a visitor's privacy code before disclosing information, and immediately reporting suspected abuse.
The PN advocates for the client by ensuring they fully understand a procedure before receiving sedation, protecting their privacy by enforcing the facility's code system, and fulfilling the mandated duty to report suspected abuse immediately without waiting for confirmation.

Step-by-Step Solution

1
Evaluate each action against the Practical Nurse (PN) scope of practice regarding informed consent.
The PN should withhold sedation and notify the provider if a client does not understand a procedure, but the PN cannot explain alternative treatments.
Explaining risks, benefits, and alternatives is strictly the responsibility of the healthcare provider, while the nurse acts as a witness and advocate.
2
Evaluate each action against HIPAA and confidentiality guidelines.
The PN must require a privacy code before confirming a client's presence, and cannot share medical information with an emergency contact without explicit client authorization.
Being an emergency contact does not automatically grant access to protected health information (PHI) outside of an emergency situation.
3
Evaluate each action against mandated reporting laws.
The PN must report suspected abuse immediately to the supervisor or appropriate agency.
Mandated reporters are legally required to report reasonable suspicions of abuse; they do not need to investigate or wait for concrete proof.

Key Concept

Client Rights and Advocacy
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Client Rights and Advocacy

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