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Difficulty: MediumHealth Promotion and Disease Prevention

A practical nurse is reinforcing health promotion and disease prevention strategies with the family caregiver of a 2-year-old toddler and an 80-year-old grandparent. Which of the following statements by the caregiver indicate a correct understanding of the teaching? (Select all that apply.)

  1. I will schedule an annual comprehensive eye examination for the grandparent to screen for vision changes.Answer
  2. B
    Sudden episodes of disorientation in the grandparent are an expected sign of natural cognitive decline.
  3. C
    I will proceed with the toddler's live-virus immunizations this week even though the child is taking high-dose oral corticosteroids.
  4. I will establish a consistent daily bedtime routine to ensure the toddler receives adequate sleep for development.Answer
  5. E
    I must completely stop serving our traditional cultural dishes to effectively manage the grandparent's blood pressure.
  6. F
    I should expect the toddler to be able to hop on one foot independently to meet daily physical activity needs.

Answer

The correct statements involve scheduling annual comprehensive eye examinations for the older adult and establishing a consistent daily bedtime routine for the toddler.
Correct health promotion involves scheduling routine secondary prevention screenings, such as annual eye exams for older adults to monitor for cataracts and glaucoma, and implementing primary wellness habits, such as consistent sleep routines for toddlers to support rapid neurological and physical development.

Step-by-Step Solution

1
Evaluate the health promotion needs of the older adult.
Identified that routine sensory screenings (like eye exams) are appropriate, while sudden confusion is abnormal and complete elimination of cultural foods is inappropriate.
Preventative screening detects age-related diseases early, whereas sudden confusion requires immediate medical investigation, and dietary modifications must respect cultural preferences to ensure adherence.
2
Evaluate the health promotion and developmental needs of the 2-year-old toddler.
Identified that consistent sleep routines promote healthy development, while administering live vaccines during immunosuppression is dangerous, and hopping on one foot is an inappropriate developmental expectation.
Safe vaccination requires screening for contraindications like corticosteroid use, and developmentally appropriate physical expectations prevent caregiver frustration and child injury.
3
Select the caregiver statements that reflect accurate adherence to these evidence-based guidelines.
The statements regarding the eye examination and the bedtime routine are selected as correct.
These statements represent safe, developmentally appropriate, and evidence-based health promotion across the lifespan.

Key Concept

Health promotion and disease prevention across the lifespan requires tailoring interventions to specific age groups, recognizing absolute immunization contraindications, and differentiating normal development/aging from pathological changes.
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Health Promotion and Disease Prevention

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