Question

Difficulty: MediumStandard and Transmission-Based Precautions

A practical nurse prepares to obtain routine vital signs for a newly admitted client who has a suspected case of pertussis and is experiencing severe paroxysmal coughing. Which infection control action must the nurse complete prior to stepping inside the client's room?

  1. Secure a standard surgical face mask over the nose and mouth.Answer
  2. B
    Don an N95 filtering facepiece respirator.
  3. C
    Put on a disposable fluid-resistant gown and clean examination gloves.
  4. D
    Verify that the client is actively wearing a protective medical mask.

Answer

The nurse must secure a standard surgical face mask over the nose and mouth.
Pertussis (whooping cough) is transmitted through large respiratory droplets. According to standard infection control guidelines, droplet precautions require healthcare workers to wear a surgical face mask when entering the client's room or coming within 3 feet of the client to protect against infectious respiratory secretions.

Step-by-Step Solution

1
Identify the mode of transmission for the specified pathogen (pertussis).
Pertussis is a respiratory infection spread through large respiratory droplets generated by coughing or sneezing.
Determining the transmission route is the first step in selecting the appropriate isolation precautions.
2
Select the correct transmission-based precautions based on the pathogen.
Droplet precautions are required for clients with suspected or confirmed pertussis.
Large droplets typically travel short distances (about 3 feet) and do not remain suspended in the air, requiring specific barrier protection.
3
Determine the correct personal protective equipment (PPE) required before entry.
A standard surgical mask is required to protect the nurse's mucous membranes from droplet exposure.
Airborne PPE (N95) or Contact PPE (gown/gloves) are not the primary requirement for standard droplet entry unless multiple precautions are active.

Key Concept

Droplet Precautions for Respiratory Pathogens
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