Question

Difficulty: HardPharmacological Therapies

During the morning shift on a cardiac step-down unit, a client recovering from an acute myocardial infarction requires several pharmacological interventions. The client's active electronic health record includes orders for a continuous intravenous heparin infusion, an annual influenza immunization, oral metoprolol, and oral digoxin 0.125 mg0.125\text{ mg} (supplied as a liquid concentration of 50 mcg/mL50\text{ mcg/mL}). Which intervention demonstrates the appropriate application of pharmacological safety and the practical nursing scope of practice?

  1. Evaluating the client's apical pulse for one full minute and confirming two distinct client identifiers before administering the oral metoprololAnswer
  2. B
    Adjusting the rate of the continuous intravenous heparin infusion independently based on the morning activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) protocol
  3. C
    Administering the influenza immunization prior to discharge without verifying the client's current temperature or checking for a history of severe allergic reactions
  4. D
    Administering 0.25 mL0.25\text{ mL} of the oral digoxin solution to deliver the prescribed 0.125 mg0.125\text{ mg} dose using the supplied 50 mcg/mL50\text{ mcg/mL} concentration

Answer

The correct action is to evaluate the client's apical pulse for a full minute and confirm two distinct patient identifiers before administering the oral metoprolol.
Evaluating the client's apical pulse for one full minute and verifying two distinct client identifiers before administering metoprolol demonstrates adherence to the 'rights' of medication administration. Furthermore, checking the pulse is a critical pre-administration parameter for beta-blockers, and administering oral medications is well within the practical nurse's scope of practice.

Step-by-Step Solution

1
Evaluate the scope of practice regarding intravenous infusions.
Determine that titrating continuous IV heparin is strictly a registered nurse (RN) responsibility.
Practical nurses cannot independently adjust high-alert continuous IV drips.
2
Analyze the requirements for safe vaccine administration.
Identify that screening for acute fever and allergies is mandatory before giving the influenza vaccine.
Failing to check contraindications compromises client safety and violates medication administration protocols.
3
Calculate the correct volume for the prescribed digoxin dose.
Convert 0.125 mg0.125\text{ mg} to 125 mcg125\text{ mcg}. Divide by the concentration of 50 mcg/mL50\text{ mcg/mL} to get 2.5 mL2.5\text{ mL}.
The option suggesting 0.25 mL0.25\text{ mL} is mathematically incorrect and would result in significant underdosing.
4
Evaluate the safety checks for oral metoprolol.
Confirm that checking the apical pulse and using two client identifiers is correct.
Beta-blockers affect heart rate, and patient identification is a universal medication safety right within the PN scope.

Key Concept

Safe Medication Administration and PN Scope of Practice
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