A practical nurse is reinforcing home care instructions for a client who will perform a fecal occult blood test (FOBT) for colorectal cancer screening. In which order should the nurse instruct the client to complete these steps? Arrange the instructions in the correct sequence.
- 1Maintain dietary and medication restrictions, such as avoiding red meat and NSAIDs, for three days prior to the test.
- 2Collect the stool specimen in a clean, dry container without mixing it with urine or toilet tissue.
- 3Use the provided applicator stick to gather a small smear from one section of the stool and apply it to the first window.
- 4Use a new applicator to gather a second smear from a different section of the same stool and apply it to the second window.
- 5Close the flap on the testing card and return it to the laboratory or clinic within the recommended timeframe.
Answer
The correct sequence is to first maintain dietary restrictions, then collect an uncontaminated specimen, apply the first smear to the window, apply a second smear from a different area using a new applicator, and finally seal and transport the card.
Correct adherence to the sequential steps of an FOBT ensures the integrity and accuracy of the colorectal cancer screening. Preparation (dietary restrictions) must occur first. Next, an uncontaminated collection ensures chemical accuracy. Taking two separate samples maximizes the detection of occult blood. Finally, prompt and protected transport guarantees the specimen remains viable for laboratory analysis.
Step-by-Step Solution
Key Concept
Fecal Occult Blood Test (FOBT) Collection and Colorectal Cancer Screening