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Difficulty: MediumStandard and Transmission-Based Precautions

A practical nurse (PN) is assigned to care for a client admitted with seasonal Influenza A who also has an infected leg ulcer positive for methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). Which of the following infection control actions should the PN implement? (Select all that apply)

  1. Wear a surgical mask when providing direct care within 3 feet of the client.Answer
  2. Don a clean isolation gown and gloves prior to entering the client's room.Answer
  3. Leave a dedicated stethoscope and blood pressure cuff inside the client's room.Answer
  4. D
    Remove the isolation gown and gloves in the hallway immediately after exiting the room.
  5. E
    Accept the task of administering a newly prescribed intravenous (IV) push antiviral medication to the client.
  6. F
    Doff the surgical mask prior to removing the contaminated gown and gloves when finishing care.

Answer

The correct actions are wearing a surgical mask within 3 feet, donning a gown and gloves prior to entering the room, and leaving dedicated assessment equipment inside the room.
The correct infection control actions address both Droplet Precautions (requiring a surgical mask within 3 feet) for Influenza A and Contact Precautions (requiring an isolation gown, gloves, and dedicated equipment) for MRSA. These interventions effectively interrupt the specific chains of transmission for both pathogens.

Step-by-Step Solution

1
Identify the required transmission-based precautions for the client's specific pathogens.
Influenza A requires Droplet Precautions, and MRSA requires Contact Precautions.
Different pathogens transmit via distinct routes, dictating the necessary protective measures.
2
Determine the correct personal protective equipment (PPE) required for Droplet and Contact Precautions combined.
A surgical mask is needed for droplet exposure, while an isolation gown and gloves are needed for contact exposure.
Simultaneous precautions must fulfill the combined requirements of both transmission categories to protect the nurse.
3
Evaluate the correct sequence and location for donning and doffing PPE, as well as the PN scope of practice.
PPE must be doffed in the correct order inside the room, and the PN must decline out-of-scope tasks such as IV push medications.
Adhering to strict doffing protocols prevents self and environmental cross-contamination, while staying within scope ensures client safety.

Key Concept

Implementation of combined Droplet and Contact Precautions and adherence to proper PPE sequencing and PN scope of practice.
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Topics

Standard and Transmission-Based Precautions

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