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Difficulty: EasyStandard and Transmission-Based Precautions

A clinical nurse educator is reviewing basic infection control protocols with a group of newly licensed nurses. Match each category of precautions with its primary requirement for personal protective equipment (PPE) or environmental control.

  • Airborne PrecautionsN95 respirator mask and negative-pressure room
  • Droplet PrecautionsSurgical mask when within 3 feet of the client
  • Contact PrecautionsGown and gloves upon entering the room
  • Standard PrecautionsHand hygiene and use of gloves when anticipating contact with body fluids

Answer

Airborne Precautions pair with an N95 respirator and negative-pressure room. Droplet Precautions pair with a surgical mask when within 3 feet. Contact Precautions pair with a gown and gloves upon entry. Standard Precautions pair with hand hygiene and gloves when anticipating body fluid contact.
Matching the correct category of isolation to its primary environmental and PPE requirement is fundamental for infection control. Standard precautions are baseline actions for all patient interactions. The three transmission-based precautions (Airborne, Droplet, and Contact) require specific targeted interventions: Airborne needs N95 masks and negative pressure, Droplet needs a surgical mask, and Contact needs gowns and gloves to block physical transfer.

Step-by-Step Solution

1
Evaluate the transmission route for Airborne Precautions.
Requires specialized ventilation and respiratory protection.
Pathogens like tuberculosis travel on small droplet nuclei that require an N95 mask and negative-pressure environment.
2
Evaluate the transmission route for Droplet Precautions.
Requires simple respiratory protection for close contact.
Pathogens like influenza travel on large droplets that do not remain suspended in the air, requiring a basic surgical mask.
3
Evaluate the transmission route for Contact Precautions.
Requires barrier protection for the provider's clothing and hands.
Pathogens like MRSA spread via touch, necessitating a gown and gloves to prevent carrying the bacteria out of the room.
4
Evaluate the baseline requirements for Standard Precautions.
Requires basic hygiene and targeted barrier use.
Applied to all patients to protect against unknown bloodborne or fluid-borne pathogens.

Key Concept

Basic Transmission-Based Precautions and PPE Selection
Estimated Time:1m 0s
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Topics

Standard and Transmission-Based Precautions

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