A nurse is caring for a 4-year-old client who is hospitalized with an acute respiratory infection. The child tearfully tells the nurse, "I got sick because I was mean to my little sister yesterday." Based on the cognitive development of a preschooler, which response by the nurse is most appropriate?
- AIt is completely normal to feel guilty, but your actions did not cause this illness.
- BDid you forget to wash your hands after you played outside?
- You did not get sick because you were mean. A tiny germ made you sick.Answer
- DIf you apologize to your sister, you might start feeling better sooner.
Answer
The most appropriate response is to explicitly tell the child that they did not get sick because they were mean, and explain that a germ caused the illness.
Preschool-aged children (3 to 5 years old) are in Piaget's preoperational stage of cognitive development. They often exhibit 'magical thinking,' believing that their thoughts, wishes, or bad behaviors can cause external events, such as an illness. The correct response directly addresses this misconception using simple, concrete language that the child can understand, explicitly reassuring them that they are not to blame.
Step-by-Step Solution
Key Concept
Magical Thinking in Preschoolers