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Question

Difficulty: EasyStandard and Transmission-Based Precautions

The unit educator is conducting an infection control review for newly hired nurses. Match each infectious disease or clinical condition with its primary required category of precautions.

  • Measles (Rubeola)Airborne Precautions
  • Pertussis (Whooping cough)Droplet Precautions
  • Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in a draining woundContact Precautions
  • Hepatitis C virus (HCV)Standard Precautions

Answer

Measles matches Airborne Precautions; Pertussis matches Droplet Precautions; MRSA matches Contact Precautions; and Hepatitis C matches Standard Precautions.
Matching the disease to the correct precaution category depends on its specific mode of transmission. Airborne Precautions are for small particles like Measles. Droplet Precautions are for larger respiratory particles like Pertussis. Contact Precautions prevent the spread of organisms like MRSA via direct touch. Standard Precautions are the baseline for all clients, including those with bloodborne pathogens like Hepatitis C, unless splashing of blood is anticipated.

Step-by-Step Solution

1
Determine the transmission route for Measles (Rubeola).
Identified as airborne transmission.
Airborne precautions are required for pathogens that remain infectious over long distances when suspended in the air.
2
Determine the transmission route for Pertussis (Whooping cough).
Identified as large droplet transmission.
Droplet precautions are necessary to prevent contact with respiratory secretions from a coughing client.
3
Determine the transmission route for an MRSA wound infection.
Identified as direct contact transmission.
Contact precautions block transmission from touching the client or contaminated surfaces.
4
Determine the transmission route for Hepatitis C virus.
Identified as bloodborne transmission.
Standard precautions apply to all clients, covering potential bloodborne pathogen exposure through appropriate hand hygiene and situational personal protective equipment (PPE) use.

Key Concept

Standard and Transmission-Based Precautions
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Topics

Standard and Transmission-Based Precautions

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