An adult client is evaluated in an outpatient clinic and tests positive for a sexually transmitted infection (STI). Later that day, the client's spouse, who is officially listed as the emergency contact in the electronic health record (EHR), calls the clinic. The spouse states, "I know my partner was tested today. As their spouse and emergency contact, I have a right to know the results so I can protect my own health." There is no signed authorization form on file permitting disclosure to the spouse. Which of the following is the most appropriate response by the nurse?
- "I cannot confirm or share any test results without explicit authorization from the client."Answer
- B"Because you are listed as the emergency contact, I can have the healthcare provider call you back with the results."
- C"I understand your concern, but I can only suggest that you discuss this matter directly with your spouse."
- D"I am required to report this to the health department, who will contact you regarding partner notification."
Answer
The nurse must state that they cannot confirm or share any test results without explicit authorization from the client.
Under standard privacy regulations, a nurse cannot disclose Protected Health Information (PHI)—which includes confirming whether a test was performed or sharing its results—to a spouse or family member without explicit, documented consent from the competent adult client. Being listed as an emergency contact only permits information sharing during an actual medical emergency where the client is incapacitated. It does not grant proxy access to routine medical records or STI test results. The nurse must provide a neutral response that neither confirms nor denies the client's health status.
Step-by-Step Solution
Key Concept
Confidentiality and Release of Protected Health Information (PHI)